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The Samaritan were the inhabitants of Samaria, the province that had been the (northern) Kingdom of Israel. They thought of themselves as the descendants of the original Israelites, while the Jews believed that they were a mixture of pagans and the remaining Israelites not deported.

The hostility that existed between the Jews and the Samaritans was due to religious differences. The Samaritans did not accept all the books of the Jewish Bible, believing them to glorify the people of Judah. The Jews had invaded Samaria during the second century BCE and destroyed their temple on Mount Gerizim, insisting that God could only be worshipped at the Temple in Jerusalem.

Even though Judea and Samaria were both under Roman control in the first century, there was a great deal of emnity between the two nations. A Samaritan who entered Judea would be despised, as would a Jew who entered Samaria.

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Why were Samaritans social outcasts during the time of Jesus?

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