The following concepts can be derived from the Books of Maccabees:
Maccabees (Macc.)
A:From a purely objective point of view, there is no "all 73 books" of the Bible. Prior to the Council of Jamnia in around 96 CE, there were many books that were used by the Jews for religious purposes, but the Council pruned these to just 39 books that were considered to be inspired. Most Protestant Churches accept these 39 books in the Old Testament, plus the New Testament to make a total of 66 books. The standard Roman Catholic Bible contains 15 additional books such as 1 Maccabees and 2 Maccabees in its Old Testament, and considers them deuterocanonical (second canon), inspired but less so than the canonical books. Any Catholic Bible will provide this more complete set of books. However, most Catholic Bibles do not contain books such as 3 Maccabees and 4 Maccabees. Ethiopian Orthodox Bibles contain books such as Enoch and Jubilees, but not 1 Maccabees and 2 Maccabees.
1 Maccabees and 2 Maccabees actually are in the Catholic Bible, and can be read there. However, they were not accepted in the Hebrew Bible and are not in the Protestant Bible. One problem with the two books of Maccabees is that, although they were written around the same time and deal with the same period in Judean history, they are too much at variance as to what really happened. Moreover, 1 Maccabees is not really a religious document, while 2 Maccabees is considered by many to be simply too unrealistic to be taken seriously.
A:There are actually four Books of Maccabees, written by different authors and over a period of centuries. 3 Maccabees and 4 Maccabees can probably be excluded because they were clearly written long after the time attributed to Jesus. 2 Maccabees was written shortly after 1 Maccabees.The Catholic Bible does include 1 and 2 Maccabees. Both were in the Septuagint scrolls and for that reason were candidates for inclusion, especially as 2 Maccabees includes awe-inspiring stories of angelic warfare as well as supporting the Catholic concept of purgatory.The Jewish academy had elected not to include either 1 Maccabees or 2 Maccabees, with the later books not yet written, and subsequent Protestant theologians were guided by the Hebrew scriptures.
Judas Maccabeus is mentioned in 1 Maccabees and 2 Maccabees. These are considered 'deutero-canonical' books and are included in the Catholic Bible, but not the Protestant Bible.
The seven books not accepted by non-Catholics are known as the "Deuterocanonical" books and are included in the Catholic Old Testament but not in Protestant Bibles. These books are Tobit, Judith, 1 Maccabees, 2 Maccabees, Wisdom, Sirach (or Ecclesiasticus), and Baruch.
No, as it does not contain the seven Deuterocanonical books (Tobias/Tobit, Judith, Ecclesiasticus/Sirach, Wisdom of Solomon, Baruch, I Maccabees, and II Maccabees)
The two books, 1 Maccabees and 2 Maccabees are apocryphal books included in the Catholic Bible, and cover part of the intertestamental period. Whereas 1 Maccabees attempts to be a straight-forward history of the Maccabaean period of the second century BCE, 2 Maccabees places events of approximately the same period in a religious context. It describes how God sent his angels in the form of fantastic horsemen dressed in gold armour, to run down the enemies of the Jews and to throw thunderbolts, divine intervention that had never before been forthcoming in support of the Hebrew people. 3 Maccabees and 4 Maccabees are less important works that were written much later.
writing books and fighting/speeking against slavery
The Intertestamental writings include the books of First and Second Maccabees. They chronicle the fight between Antiochus Epiphanes and the family of the Maccabees. They are not included in the current Protestant Canon, but are found in the Roman Catholic Bible.
Yes, there are 7 more: Tobit, Judith, 1 Maccabees, 2 Maccabees, Sirach, Baruch, & Wisdom. However the Catholic Church did not add these books - Martin Luther took them out of the Bible in 397AD because they contained doctrine that he did not believe in. He also wanted to take out the books of James, Revelation, Jude, and Hebrews.
The extra group of books are called the Apocrypha or deuterocanonical by Catholics. These "extra" Old Testament books include Tobit, Judith, Maccabees, Sirach, and several others.