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The three Johannine epistles, 1 John, 2 John and 3 John, are traditionally attributed to the apostle John, although scholars say this attribution is unlikely to be correct.

2 John and 3 John were both written, probably in the first quarter of the second century, by the same unknown author who called himself "the Presbyter." The apostle John would hardly have referred to himself as a presbyter or appealed to Gaius as a "co-worker" (3 John 8). Nor is it plausible that Diotrephes, who exercises authority in the church, would flout John's authority, knowing him to be an apostle. Thus the author of 2 John and of 3 John must remain anonymous and be referred to simply as "the Presbyter."

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11y ago

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