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The four functional imperatives according to Parsons: Adaptation, Goal Attainment, Integration, Latency with the acronym A.G.I.L.

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Who were the three sociologist who played a part in the development of sociology structural functional approach?

Emile Durkheim, Herbert Spencer, and Talcott Parsons are three sociologists who played a significant role in the development of the structural functional approach in sociology. They emphasized the importance of social structures, institutions, and their functions in maintaining social order and stability within society.


Which scholar initially provided a theoretical approach for medical sociology?

Talcott Parsons is often credited with providing a theoretical approach for medical sociology in the mid-20th century. He emphasized the social factors influencing health and illness, and how the medical profession functions in society.


Which term does Talcott Parsons use to characterize a feature of social change?

Talcott Parsons used the term "pattern variable" to characterize a feature of social change. This concept describes the different ways in which individuals and societies can address various challenges and tensions through different patterns of behavior and action.


What is the Contribution of Talcott Parsons in the society?

Parsons is most well known as a sociologist, however he also taught courses and made contributions to other fields, including economics, race relations, and anthropology. Most of his work focused on the concept of structural functionalism, which is the idea of analyzing society through a general theoretical system. Talcott Parsons played a major role in developing several important sociological theories. First, his theory of the "sick role" in medical sociology was developed in association with psychoanalysis. The sick role is a concept that concerns the social aspects of becoming ill and the privileges and obligations that come with it. Parsons also played a crucial role in the development of "The Grand Theory," which was an attempt to integrate the different social sciences into one theoretical framework. His main goal was to utilize multiple social science disciplines to create one single universal theory of human relationships. Parsons was often accused of being ethnocentric (the belief that your society is better than the one you are studying). He was a bold and innovative sociologist for his time and is known for his contributions in functionalism and neo-evolutionism


What is Talcott Parsons's pattern variables approach?

Parsons asserted that there were two dimensions to societies: instrumental and expressive. By this he meant that there are qualitative differences between kinds of social interaction. Essentially, he observed that people can have personalized and formally detached relationships based on the roles that they play. The characteristics that were associated with each kind of interaction he called the pattern variables.Some examples of expressive societies would include families, churches, clubs, crowds, and smaller social settings. Examples of instrumental societies would include bureaucracies, aggregates, and markets.Affectivity Vs affective neutrality : When actor is oriented towards maximum satisfaction from a given choice.Particularism Vs.Universalism: Situations are judged according to uniform criteria (universalism) and not according to actor or individuals relation with the given subject(particularism).Quality Vs Performance : Defining people on the basis of biological difference and performance is judging people according to their performance and capacity.Self orientation Vs Collective Orientation when the actor acts out of personal interest it is self orientation.