Conformity refers to following societal norms and expectations, while deviance involves breaking these norms and going against societal expectations. Conformity usually leads to fitting in with the majority, while deviance often results in standing out or being viewed negatively by society.
Functional consequences of deviance include social cohesion, as it establishes norms and boundaries within a society, and social change, as deviance can challenge existing norms and lead to their evolution. Additionally, deviance can serve as a form of social control by reinforcing the consequences of breaking norms and promoting conformity.
Rewards for conformity to norms can include praise, recognition, or tangible benefits like promotions or prizes. Punishments can involve social sanctions, exclusion, loss of privileges, or formal penalties such as fines or imprisonment. Both rewards and punishments are used to reinforce desired behavior and discourage deviance from societal norms.
Informal deviance refers to minor violations of informal social norms, while formal deviance involves breaking formal laws or rules. Informal deviance is often subjective and can vary by context, whereas formal deviance is defined by written laws and carries legal consequences.
Deviance is the sociological term that refers to the recognized violation of cultural norms.
The initial acts of deviance that a person might commit are often referred to as primary deviance. These are the first instances of breaking societal norms or rules, which may or may not lead to further deviant behavior.
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Deviance is an act that violates a social norm, although, what the norm is is actually only what one person thinks is socially unacceptable. So basically, it is any behavior/ belief/ condition that is disapproved by a large, influential social class. Deviance enhances conformity by defining and clarifying social norms. Through minor deviance, we can strike out at others. Deviance strengthens solidarity among law abiding members of society. Deviance provides jobs for people. Without deviants, we would not need policemen, lawyers, etc. Also, deviance sometimes induces social changes.
Functional consequences of deviance include social cohesion, as it establishes norms and boundaries within a society, and social change, as deviance can challenge existing norms and lead to their evolution. Additionally, deviance can serve as a form of social control by reinforcing the consequences of breaking norms and promoting conformity.
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Primary deviance refers to the initial act of rule-breaking or deviant behavior, while secondary deviance refers to the continued or increased engagement in deviant behavior as a result of societal reactions to the initial act. Primary deviance is typically seen as a single event, whereas secondary deviance involves a person adopting a deviant identity.