The Proletariat are the lower class people. It is mentioned usually with Karl Marx's Conflict Theory/Marxism where the proletariat (poor people) will remain in a constant war with bourgeoisie (rich people)
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The proletariat refers to the working class in a capitalist society who earn wages by selling their labor. They do not own the means of production and are often exploited by the capitalist class. Karl Marx used the term extensively in his theories on class struggle and capitalism.