Because the acid in the air mixes with water and delimes the mortar. Also, water saturates the mortar. If it freezes, the ice expands, and contracts when it is liquid (freeze - fracture), destroying lime mortar.
Buildings and monuments made of limestone are greatly damaged by acid rain, air pollution, and weathering caused by wind and water erosion. These elements can cause the stone to deteriorate and lose its structural integrity over time.
Because it is a permiable rock, this means it will be worn away over time. Although it does still get used for buildings
Acid rain can erode limestone buildings over time by reacting with the calcium carbonate in the stone, causing it to dissolve and weaken. This can lead to the deterioration of the exterior surface of the building, including discoloration, pitting, and loss of intricate details. Over time, acid rain can compromise the structural integrity of limestone buildings, potentially causing long-term damage.
Acid rain can erode the limestone in buildings by dissolving the calcium carbonate in the stone, leading to weakening and deterioration of the structure. Over time, this can cause visible damage such as pitting, flaking, or discoloration on the surface of the limestone buildings.
Rainwater is slightly acidic due to the presence of carbon dioxide, which can react with the calcium carbonate in limestone to dissolve and weaken the stone over time. This process, known as carbonation, causes erosion and weathering of limestone buildings, leading to their deterioration.
Limestone is primarily composed of calcium carbonate, which is easily dissolved by acidic solutions. When acid rain falls on limestone buildings, the sulfuric and nitric acids react with the calcium carbonate in the limestone, causing it to dissolve and deteriorate over time. This chemical reaction leads to the erosion and weathering of the limestone structure, resulting in visible damage such as pitting, staining, and loss of structural integrity.
Acid rainwater can deteriorate limestone by dissolving the calcium carbonate in the stone. This chemical reaction leads to the formation of soluble calcium bicarbonate, which weakens and erodes the limestone surface over time. As a result, acid rain can cause significant damage to limestone buildings and structures.
Naturally occurring acidic rainfall, and rainfall enhanced by certain man made pollutants, causes a chemical reaction with the calcium carbonate from which limestone is composed. The result is a gradual dissolution of the rock.
From dissolution and erosion of limestone by acidic water over time.
Limestone
Acid rain can gradually dissolve and deteriorate limestone structures by reacting with the calcium carbonate in the rock. This reaction can lead to the erosion and eventual breakdown of the limestone, causing damage to buildings, statues, and monuments made from this material. Over time, the acidification process may alter the appearance and structural integrity of limestone surfaces.
The process that hardens limestone over time is called lithification, which involves compaction and cementation of sediment particles. Additionally, the presence of minerals like calcite can contribute to the hardness of limestone. These factors together make limestone resistant to erosion.