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1. Overburden O/B
2. Coal / ore
3. Interburden (or parting), I/B
4. Waste
Sometimes:
Waste = O/B + I/B
(look at the context)
Waste (O/B + I/B) needs to be removed to get access to coal / ore
What Is Stripping Ratio ?
a. Measures relative deposit depth
Q: How important is depth in surface mining?
* Consider Chuquicamata at 850 m depth, SR = 0.5
* Consider Capital Quarries , Rolla, at 25 m depth, SR = 0.5
b. To surface mine we need to remove some waste in addition to ore / coal
c. SR measures how much waste needs to be removed so that a unit of ore/coal can be mined
* This means "relative depth"
source : coal-mining-info.co.cc
What else can I help you with?
What is the difference between interval data analysis and ratio data analysis?
Data comes in various sizes and shapes. Two of them are Interval and Ratio. Interval is a measurement where the difference between two values is meaningful and follows a linear scale. For example: in physics, temperature 0.0 on either F or C does not mean 'no temperature'; in biology, a pH of 0.0 does not mean 'no acidity'. Interval data is continuous data where differences are interpretable, ordered, and constant scale, but there is no 'natural' zero. Ratio is the relation in degree or number between two similar things or a relationship between two quantities, ordered, constant scale, with natural zero. Ratio data is interpretable. Ratio data has a natural zero. A good example is birth weight in kg. The distinctions between interval and ratio data are slight. Certain specialized statistics, such as a geometric mean and a coefficient of variation can only be applied to ratio data.
Which correlation coefficient indicates the strongest relation between two variables?
Generally speaking it is the coefficient that produces a ratio between variables of 1:1. If the variables are of a dependent/independent framework, I find that Chronbach's or Pearson's produces the most accurate (desirable) results. Hope this helps for answering a very good question for what appears to be n enthusiastic novice investigator.
How do you apply ratios to probability?
Ratios and probabilityPerhaps this question is best answered with examples right off the bat. Let's say you have two regular fair dice (six-sided, of course). If you throw them 360 times and keep track of the numbers you throw, you'll record a seven about 60 times. So, you could say that the ratio of all possible numbers (including sevens) to sevens to is 360 to 36 (360:60), which is the same as 6 to 1 (6:1). You could also say that the ratio of all OTHER numbers (excluding sevens) to sevens to is 300:60, or 5:1.(there is no seven on a six sided die....)You would have also recorded about 50 occurrences of sixes, so you could say that the ratio of sevens to sixes is 60 to 50, or 6 to 5 (6:5). Obviously, the ratio of sixes to sevens would be 5:6.How about this:Let's say that the probability that a certain type of rare snake will have male offspring is 0.4. Obviously, the probability of the snake's having female offspring is 0.6. If the snake has lots of offspring, the ratio of males to females will be 0.4 to 0.6, which is the same as 4 to 6, which is the same as 2 to 3 (2:3). Stated another way, for every five snakes born, two will be male, and three will be female.By the way, whenever possible, it's a good idea to express ratios as close as you can to whole numbers, like 3:2 or 7:5. Also, whenever one of the digits is a one, it's particularly useful, like 3:1 or 9:1, or even 1.5:1. That last ratio, 1.5:1, is equal to 3:2. It depends on what you're more comfortable with.
What is probability compliment?
"That was a good bet!", perhaps."That was a good bet!", perhaps."That was a good bet!", perhaps."That was a good bet!", perhaps.
How do you answer the question probability of continued employment?
good
Why is the great plains good for coal?
The Great Plains are suitable for coal mining due to the presence of large coal deposits within the region. The flat terrain and geology of the Great Plains make it easier to extract coal using surface mining techniques, such as strip mining. Additionally, the availability of transportation infrastructure, such as railroads, makes it convenient to transport coal to other regions.
What type of coal were they mining in the Monongah Mine Disaster?
Good Coal, most likely black coal
Is mining coal mining good or bad?
It can be either one, depending on how the mining is conducted. In past years, areas were strip mined, and waste materials from the mining were left to pile up- in many cases, unsafely. Mining regulations in the US now require that a mine post a monetary bond to restore the land after mining ends. That includes putting topsoil back, and planting plants.
Does british coal mining work good?
The British coal mining industry is all but dead, thanks to Arthur Scargill and Maggie Thatcher in 1980's.
Is strip mining have positive or negative effects?
Most of the times, strip mining has positive and negative consequences. Usually, the viewers get the positive aspect of strip mining, and the performers are affected by the loneliness and long nights of working 12 hour shifts. Err, my sources say that it's actually not that lonely, and the pay is good.... So, I guess strip mining is only positive.
Where is the best place to find coal in Minecraft?
Coal is very common. Caves are a good source of coal, but if you are mining, coal is most common at y=48.
What is a good iron to coal ratio for a katana?
200% niggga
Where can you find coal?
Coal can be found from underground mining and open-pit mining and in coal reserves throughout USA and Asia and also Africa through to the Middle East and the United Kingdom.You can also find coal in your stocking on Christmas morning if you've been bad all year so remember be good unless your looking for coal.
Coal mining good or bad?
Its bad because it hurts the environment and causes lung cancer
Is strip mining a negative or positive?
Strip mining is a type of surface mining that involves excavating earth, rock, and other material to uncover a tabular, lens-shaped, or layered mineral reserve. One third of America's coal is mined in the Appalachia using the strip mining technique called Mountain Top Removal which literally means the actual removal of the mountain top. The coal is found in the mountain stacked up in layers similar to the frosting in cake and mining operations are set up to remove the coal as effectively and as cheaply as possible. It used to be that mining operations dug tunnels into the mountain and retrieved the coal that way, but with the demands for energy and coal growing it became necessary to find quicker and cheaper ways to obtain the coal. In strip mining, the land is first bulldozed and dynamited to expose the bedrock and coal. Using some of the heaviest and biggest equipment that run on diesel, the top layer called the overburden is hauled away and is deposited into the valleys or put back onto the mountain when the operation ends. This effectively exposes the coal, which is mined and hauled away. Bad mining practices can ignite coal fires, which can burn for decades, release fly ash and smoke laden with greenhouse gasses and toxic chemicals. Furthermore mining releases coal mine methane, a greenhouse gas 20 times more powerful than carbon dioxide. Coal dust inhalation causes black lung disease among miners and those who live nearby, and mine accidents kill thousands every year. Coal mining displaces whole communities, forced off their land by expanding mines, coal fires, subsidence and contaminated water supplies. Strip mining destroys landscapes, forests and wildlife habitats at the site of the mine when trees, plants, and topsoil are cleared from the mining area. This in turn leads to soil erosion and destruction of agricultural land. When rain washes the loosened top soil into streams, sediments pollute waterways. This can hurt fish and smother plant life downstream, and cause disfiguration of river channels and streams, which leads to flooding. There is an increased risk of chemical contamination of ground water when minerals in upturned earth seep into the water table, and watersheds are destroyed when disfigured land loses the water it once held. Strip mining causes dust and noise pollution when top soil is disrupted with heavy machinery and coal dust is created in mines. The common strip-mining techniques are classified as area mining or contour mining on the basis of the deposit geometry and type. The cycle of operations for both techniques consists of vegetation clearing, soil removal, drilling and blasting of overburden (if needed), stripping, removal of the coal or other mineral commodity, and reclamation. All surface or strip mining first removes the overlying vegetation, soil and underground rock layers in order to expose and extract coal from an underground seam or coal deposit. Responsible surface mining attempts to limit the side effects of this removal through several basic steps. The usually try to extract coal and other types of minerals. The pits are parallel and adjacent to each other with each strip of overburden and the mineral beneath extracted in following order. In the past, strip-mined mineral deposits that became exhausted or uneconomical to mine often were simply abandoned. The result was a barren saw tooth, lunar like landscape of spoil piles hostile to natural vegetation and generally unsuitable for any immediate land use. Such spoil areas are now routinely reclaimed and permanent vegetation reestablished as an integral part of surface-mining operations. Generally, reclamation is performed concurrently with mining. Strip mining has destroyed over 740,000 acres of forests and 1,000 miles of waterways. Just like the elephant in the room, something has to be done. A group called the Coal River Wind Project is proposing a wind farm on one mountain instead of having it mined. As of December 2008, there is a bill in the House called the Clean Water Protection Act if passed into law that would help save some of the streams in the valleys that are lost or compromised by the depositing of overburden. However, with the environmentally detrimental measures passed by outgoing President Bush in his final hours threatens not only the environment but the health of communities near coal mines and coal plants by allowing them to dump their waste in local streams and valleys. Hopefully, the new administration will be able to save us from the harms of the coal industry that yet remains to be seen.
What is 3 disaventages for coal mining?
1) It's slower than power mining iron or granite. 2) It's not as good money as it used to be. 3) Most coal locations are overcrowded or are too far from a bank to be useful.
Where can you get good notes on coal mining in 1800?
do a Google search for the Mine Act of 1842. Good article that includes the investigations of the panel that recommended the act be passed. Includes a few illustrations of mining.
