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A physician wishes to study the relationship between hypertension and smoking habits. From a random sample of 180 individuals, the following results were obtained
At the 5% level of significance, test whether the absence of hypertension is independent of smoking habits.
Hypertension
Smoking habit
Non-smokers
Moderate smokers
Heavy smokers
Yes
21
36
30
No
48
26
19
What else can I help you with?
What is non-directional research hypothesis?
A non-directional research hypothesis is a kind of hypothesis that is used in testing statistical significance. It states that there is no difference between variables.
What is the null hypothesis when testing to see if the slope in the simple linear regression equation is significant?
The null hypothesis in testing the significance of the slope in a simple linear regression equation posits that there is no relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Mathematically, it is expressed as ( H_0: \beta_1 = 0 ), where ( \beta_1 ) is the slope of the regression line. If the null hypothesis is rejected, it suggests that there is a significant relationship, indicating that changes in the independent variable are associated with changes in the dependent variable.
In a hypothesis testing the alternative hypothesis is assumed?
No. The null hypothesis is assumed to be correct unless there is sufficient evidence from the sample and the given criteria (significance level) to reject it.
Differences between null and alternative hypothesis?
The difference between the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis are on the sense of the tests. In statistical inference, the null hypothesis should be in a positive sense such in a sense, you are testing a hypothesis you are probably sure of. In other words, the null hypothesis must be the hypothesis you are almost sure of. Just an important note, that when you are doing a tests, you are testing if a certain event probably occurs at certain level of significance. The alternative hypothesis is the opposite one.
Difference between confidence level and significant level?
The confidence level refers to the probability that a statistical estimate, such as a confidence interval, contains the true population parameter, commonly expressed as a percentage (e.g., 95%). In contrast, the significance level (often denoted as alpha, α) is the threshold used in hypothesis testing to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis, typically set at values like 0.05 or 0.01. While the confidence level reflects the reliability of an estimate, the significance level indicates the risk of making a Type I error (incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis). Essentially, confidence levels relate to estimation, while significance levels pertain to hypothesis testing.
What are the three parts of a hypotnesis statement?
A hypothesis statement consists of three parts: the null hypothesis (H0), the alternative hypothesis (Ha), and the level of significance (alpha). The null hypothesis states that there is no relationship or difference between variables, while the alternative hypothesis suggests the presence of a relationship or difference. The level of significance determines the threshold for accepting or rejecting the null hypothesis based on statistical testing.
What is non-directional research hypothesis?
A non-directional research hypothesis is a kind of hypothesis that is used in testing statistical significance. It states that there is no difference between variables.
Can Bayesian testing come to the same conclusion as null hypothesis significance testing?
Yes, it can.
What is the null hypothesis when testing to see if the slope in the simple linear regression equation is significant?
The null hypothesis in testing the significance of the slope in a simple linear regression equation posits that there is no relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Mathematically, it is expressed as ( H_0: \beta_1 = 0 ), where ( \beta_1 ) is the slope of the regression line. If the null hypothesis is rejected, it suggests that there is a significant relationship, indicating that changes in the independent variable are associated with changes in the dependent variable.
What kind of mathematical tools do usually use?
Hypothesis and significance testing
What kind of mathematical tools do biologist use?
Hypothesis and significance testing
What kind of mathematical tools do biologists usually use?
Hypothesis and significance testing
What role does Random Sampling Distribution in hypothesis testing?
It is an assumption to hypothesis testing. I can not comment on the significance of a violation of these assumptions without knowing how the non-random sample was taken.
What is the difference between forming a hypothesis and testing a hypothesis?
forming a hypothesis is when you come up with an educated guess.. what you think it may be . testing a hypothesis is when you're testing to see if someone else's guess is right.
Why null hypothesis it is tested at 0.05 level of significance?
A significance level of 0.05 is commonly used in hypothesis testing as it provides a balance between Type I and Type II errors. Setting the significance level at 0.05 means that there is a 5% chance of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true. This level is widely accepted in many fields as a standard threshold for determining statistical significance.
Describe the asymmetry between falsification and verification in the process fo hypothesis testing?
Describe the asymmetry between falsification and verification in the process of hypothesis testing
In a hypothesis testing the alternative hypothesis is assumed?
No. The null hypothesis is assumed to be correct unless there is sufficient evidence from the sample and the given criteria (significance level) to reject it.
