Clouds

The process required to allow a gravitationally-collapsing gas cloud to continue collapsing is radiative cooling. Radiative cooling removes thermal energy from the gas cloud, facilitating further collapse under the influence of gravity.

Water vapor collects around tiny particles, called condensation nuclei, such as dust or salt, in the atmosphere. As more water vapor condenses onto these particles, they grow in size and eventually form clouds.

Those would be cumulus clouds, which are characterized by their fluffy, cotton-like appearance and their flat base. Cumulus clouds often form on fair weather days but can develop into larger storm clouds if conditions are right.

The ground is heated up differently due to receiving different amount of insolation and air over warmer parts will rise first.

Rising air expand with low pressure at high altitude. Air mass cool and relative humidity increase and saturation humidity decreases. Air force upwards, surrounding air is not as warm as rising air.

When air reach dew point, water vapour starts to condense on atmospheric particles which acts as a condensation nuclei. Relative humidity reaches 100% saturation.

Cloud formation continues as high as air rises. When air stop rising, cloud development stops. More uplift means the clouds will be taller and deeper.

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Clouds can bring changes in weather such as rain, snow, or thunderstorms. They can also block or scatter sunlight, affecting temperatures on the ground. Additionally, clouds play a crucial role in the Earth's energy balance by reflecting sunlight back to space and trapping heat.

Altocumulus clouds are made of water droplets and/or ice crystals that are found at middle altitudes in the Earth's atmosphere, typically between 6,500 to 20,000 feet (2,000 to 6,100 meters) above ground level. These clouds often appear as white or gray patches or layers, and can indicate a change in weather, such as a coming storm.

Sublimation is a process that does not involve water vapor. Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid phase to the gas phase without passing through the liquid phase, such as when dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) turns into carbon dioxide gas.

Cumulus clouds can weigh millions of pounds due to the water droplets they contain. The weight of a cumulus cloud can vary depending on its size, height, and density.

Each hemisphere has 2 narrow belts of fast moving winds called jet streams. They are located high in the atmosphere and can influence weather patterns and air travel routes.

Clouds are formed from water vapor that has condensed into tiny droplets or ice crystals. These droplets and crystals are suspended in the air due to updrafts and air currents. The conditions at ground level are typically not conducive for the formation and suspension of clouds, which is why clouds remain in the atmosphere rather than settling on the ground.

Water vapor in the atmosphere primarily comes from the evaporation of water from oceans, lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water. When this water vapor cools and condenses, it forms clouds. Additionally, transpiration from plants and human activities such as industrial processes and combustion also contribute to water vapor in the atmosphere.

Nimbostratus clouds typically produce steady rainfall or snowfall. These clouds are thick, dense, and spread over a large area, leading to prolonged and moderate precipitation.

Cumulonimbus clouds are likely to form at the edge of this front, as they are associated with strong thunderstorms and heavy rainfall. These clouds can bring severe weather conditions such as lightning, hail, and strong winds.

The correct spelling is tule fog instead of tulie fog. Tule fog is defined as a thick ground fog in areas of California's Great Central Valley. Tule fog forms in late fall after the first significant rainfall until spring.

Fog is just clouds that came down from the sky during the night..

A cloud may be considered partly fog; for example, the part of a cloud that is suspended in the air above the ground is not considered fog, whereas the part of the cloud that comes in contact with higher ground is considered fog. Fog is distinguished from mist only by its density. Fog reduces visibility to less than 1 km, whereas mist reduces visibility to no less than 1 km but less than 2 km.

Meghalaya in India is known as the 'Abode of Clouds' due to its heavy rainfall and misty landscapes, creating a picturesque and lush environment.

During the formation of clouds, water vapor in the air condenses into liquid water droplets or ice crystals around tiny dust particles or aerosols. This process occurs when the air becomes saturated with moisture, which can happen when warm, moist air rises and cools at higher altitudes. The condensed water droplets/ice crystals then come together to form clouds.

Cloud formation at a front is influenced by the temperature and moisture content of the air masses involved. When warm, moist air rises and cools at a front, it may reach its dew point, causing condensation and cloud formation. Conversely, if the air is too dry or stable, clouds may not form despite the presence of the front.

Fog and clouds in higher altitudes are alike in that they are both composed of tiny water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air. They both can reduce visibility and may be formed through similar processes, such as cooling of air or condensation of water vapor. Additionally, both fog and high-altitude clouds play a role in the Earth's water cycle and weather systems.

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Cumulonimbus incus, which has an obvious anvil top. Only very strong ones, called supercells, spawn tornadoes.
Cumulonimbus icnus is the most likely type of storm cloud to produce a tornado. These cumulonimbus clouds are often supercells.
Tornadoes can form from any cumulonimbus cloud, but they usually form from Cumulonimbus incus (heaped rain cloud with anvil) with a rotating updraft called a mesocyclone. The type of storm this rotating cumulonimbus cloud brings is a strong thunderstorm called a supercell, the thunderstorm most likely to form a tornado
cumulonimbus clouds

The thickest fog is the densest fog. It is highly saturated with moisture and highly condensed at cool to cold temperatures. When density lessens and moisture burned off, the cloud bank becomes lighter.

Water vapor condensed to form oceans on Earth's surface early in Earth's history, as the planet cooled down and the atmospheric temperature decreased to a point where the water vapor could no longer remain in its gaseous state.

Luke Howard, a British naturalist who lived in the 19th century, is credited with being among the first to devise a classification system for cloud types. He proposed the classification of clouds into four main types based on their appearance: cumulus, stratus, cirrus, and nimbus, which laid the foundation for modern cloud classification systems.

Cumulus clouds- heaping billows-show fair weather.

stratus clouds-low floating layer-altostratus.

cirrus-curling like a lock of hair-cirrus.

Nimbus-(or cumulonimbus) are rain clouds.