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Coal (fuel source)

Coal has been the primary fossil fuel since Native American times. Once coal companies started in the United States in the early to mid 1800s, men from England (Great Britain now United Kingdom), Scotland, and other European countries were recruited to come to the US. Local coal miners, especially in the bituminous coal field (Pittsburgh PA Coal Field which extended through SW PA, West Virginia, Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky) viewed these immigrants as "foreigners" and demanded companies only hire "practical" (experienced) miners; however, this idea formed solely because of language barriers and other biases, since overseas miners were very experienced in their home countries. Coal, as a fossil fuel, has been continuously mined in the US from the mid-1800s to the present.

3,543 Questions

Is coal a clastic rock?

No, coal is not a clastic rock. It is a sedimentary rock that forms from the accumulation and alteration of plant material over millions of years.

Is bituminous coal igneous sedimentary or metamorphic?

Bituminous coal is sedimentary! Bituminous coal is sedimentary!

Are coal and oil deposits geological resources most likely resulted from glaciation?

No, coal and oil deposits are not typically a result of glaciation. Coal forms from the accumulation and decomposition of plant material over millions of years. Oil deposits originate from the remains of marine plants and animals that were buried and transformed under high pressure and temperature. Glaciation can impact the distribution of these deposits but is not the main factor in their formation.

Is coal an extrusive or an intrusive?

Coal is neither extrusive nor intrusive. Coal is a sedimentary rock that forms from the accumulation and compaction of plant material over millions of years. It is typically found near the Earth's surface in sedimentary basins and is not formed through volcanic or igneous processes like extrusive or intrusive rocks.

What continent has the largest coal reserves?

Asia has the largest coal reserves in the world, with countries like China, India, and Australia ranking among the top coal producers in the region.

What is an alternative to coal mining?

An alternative to coal mining is investing in renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. These sources are more sustainable, environmentally friendly, and can provide long-term energy solutions without the negative impact of coal mining.

Is coal an organic sedimentary rock?

Most coal is classified as an organic sedimentary rock. The exception would be anthracite, which is metamorphosed bituminous coal.

What could explain the existence of coal deposits in Antarctica?

When Antarctica was still a part of the super continent Gondwana, it was covered in forests and had warm coastal currents on its shores. As Antarctica separated from Gondwana and moved south, the waters cooled, the temperatures dropped, the forests disppeared, the land was covered in snow which was compacted into ice over time, all combining to create coal deposits.

Is coal environmentally friendly?

Coal is not considered environmentally friendly due to its high carbon emissions when burned for energy production. Coal mining can also have negative impacts on the environment, such as habitat destruction and water pollution. Efforts are being made to reduce coal's environmental impact through technologies like carbon capture and storage.

Who mines more coal Maine or tennesee?

Tennessee mines more coal than Maine. Tennessee is the 12th largest coal-producing state in the United States, while Maine does not have any active coal mines.

How do you get coal out of the ground or from the seabed?

Coal is typically extracted from the ground through mining methods such as underground mining or surface mining. In underground mining, tunnels are dug to reach coal seams deep underground, while surface mining involves removing layers of soil and rock to access coal deposits near the surface. Seabed coal extraction is a relatively new and experimental process that involves using specialized equipment to mine coal deposits on the ocean floor.

Where is the fossil fuel coal found on Earth?

Coal can be found in various locations around the world, with significant reserves found in countries like the United States, Russia, China, Australia, and India. These reserves are typically located underground in coal mines or in coal seams within sedimentary rock layers.

Where is coal deposited?

Coal is formed from the remains of plants that lived in swamps and marshes millions of years ago. These organic materials were buried under layers of sediment and compressed over time. Coal deposits are typically found in areas where these conditions existed, such as former swamps and wetlands.

Is coal metamorphic?

Most coal is sedimentary, but anthracite is bituminous coal that has undergone metamorphosis to become a metamorphic rock.

What could explain the coal deposits in antarctica?

The coal deposits in Antarctica are believed to have formed during periods when the continent had a significantly warmer climate due to its positioning on the Earth's surface millions of years ago. These deposits are remnants of lush vegetation that thrived in a milder climate before Antarctica became the frozen landscape we see today due to continental drift and changes in Earth's climate.

Coal and oil have been found in frozen Antarctica?

no they ahven ttheyve been found in the mountinous capsual swhich haven t seen day light in over 400,000 years

It has been found Idk how but this person has no idea what their talking about >:/

How deep is coal under the ground?

Coal deposits can vary in depth, typically ranging from a few hundred feet to over a mile underground. The depth of coal deposits depends on various factors such as geological location, formation history, and mining techniques used. In some cases, miners may have to dig deep shafts or tunnels to access coal reserves.

How is coal gathered?

In the past, Native American Indians picked coal from river banks such as along the Monongahela River in SW Pennsylvania. The banks were steep in some places, and the rich vein of bituminous coal just "fell" out of the banks. In fact, the name Monongahela refers to falling banks. Indians were first to know that coal could be burned. They also scooped up petroleum that formed in puddles on the ground where it had seeped out from underneath. They knew oil healed skin wounds and rashes (hence Whites made petroleum jelly in the 1800s-- what we know as Vaseline today.

From "falling banks" where coal tumbled out, Whites could see coal seams going back into the cliffs. They dug with shovels and used slope mines to access the coal. Slope mines were either straight __ tunnels, or \ downward sloping. They soon found that coal mine roofs can fall. So they cut timber to hold up slate and coal.

In direct tunnel mining, it started off as a narrow opening that formed a tunnel straight in. ___ Miners used pickaxes and shovels to dig the coal out. They brought in donkeys to pull out carts laden with coal. They brought in birds in cages-- if a bird died, they knew to get out or odorless, colorless methane gas could kill the men. As long as it was safe, men followed the coal veins. Instead of timber in deeper mine sections, they left pillars of coal to hold up mine roofs. Coal pillars could stay until they mined out deeper sections. Mines were also cut with low roofs. So men were either bent over or crawled. Every once in a while, they'd dig out a chamber high enough for a man to stand. Eventually, miners laid railroaf tracks and used small "cars" to bring up men or coal, and take men back down again.

Other mines were vertical. A vertical shaft was drilled (much like oil was drilled after 1880). An elevator was put in to carry men down. A coal tipple with a conveyor belt brought coal from the deep recesses of the mine, up through the levels, and out onto the Tipple. In SW PA, WV, Ohio, Indiana, and KY, vertical shaft mining brought up many hundreds of tons of coal that men spent 3-shifts a day digging out of a mine.

In slope mining, tunnel mining, and vertical shaft mining, coal companies pushed the men to bring out every chunk or sliver of coal they could find. This turned into longwall mining, where a manmade wall was stripped of coal. Coal mines became mazes of tunnels, shafts, and stripped walls. In these mazes, an empty chamber on one side might have a tunnel on the other side -- and without warning, methane could build up in a once-used area. As men blasted using TNT (1800s through 1940s), blasting could set off an explosion from hitting a methane pocket. As well, mines have sources of groundwater leaking in constantly. Old mines often had chambers that filled with water, and one strike on the other side could unleash a flood within the mine.

On all of these mines, often coal could not easily be separated from clay in which it had formed. These chunks were carted out to a refuse pile outside the mine. Poor folks often trespassed to pick out coal to take home for heating or cooking. Homeless men (beggars) often lit a fire near the refuse and slept there. Sometimes, their made fires made an entire refuse heap start to burn. As well, these refuse heaps created an internal heat that could make the pile combust from within. Combustion fires would burn until all the coal burned off. This is how they discovered they could use the by-product of the burning. They called it "reddog" because of its red, pink, purple coloring. Reddog is a hard, often brittle type of "clinkers", like what would be in a coal furnace after the coal burned. Reddog could be used on rural roads as road covering (instead of driving on mud that could make deep trenches from tires). Reddog was used up through the 1970s on roads.

One other time of mining is surface mining. We know bituminous coal seams occur throughout the Pittsburgh Plateau (geology area). So men can bring in heavy equipment and dig out cliffs until they've stripped out all the coal and rocks.

The Mine Reclamation Act provided that mine companies must cover over old mines. They make parks or large hills.... and pretend a mine was never there.

Surface mining is still used. Shaft mining is still used. Many older mines are still used, too, but all have been automated. Most miners are out of work, with smaller shifts manned by fewer men.

How do you get coal out of the ground?

Coal is extracted from the ground through mining methods such as surface mining and underground mining. Surface mining involves removing the top layers of soil and rock to access the coal seams, while underground mining involves tunnels and shafts to access coal deposits deep below the surface. Once extracted, the coal is processed and transported for various industrial uses.

How is coal removed from the groud?

Coal is removed by miner because the take big machines into the mines and drill into the mines to get to the coal!*By Beth Logan age 10 Paisley school RD PA1 3AU

Coal is removed by miners because the take big machines into the mines and drill into the mines to get to the coal!*By Beth Logan age 10 Paisley school RD PA1 3AU

What are coal deposits?

Coal deposits are layers of sedimentary rock containing coal, formed from the accumulation of buried plant material over millions of years. These deposits are mined for coal, which is a fossil fuel used for electricity generation and heating. Coal deposits can vary in thickness, quality, and location around the world.

How is coal harvested?

Coal may be mined in underground mines, typically by machinery that pulls the coal from the seams, and transports it to the surface. Coal is also mined in surface mines by removing the soil and rock on top of the coal, and then using machinery to break the coal from the seams, and move it to storage.

Where is the most coal located?

The largest coal reserves are found in countries like the United States, Russia, China, India, and Australia. These countries have significant deposits of coal that are mined for energy production and other purposes.

Why is coal found in layers?

Coal is found in layers because it is formed from the remains of plants that were buried and compacted over millions of years. Each layer represents a different period of plant growth, leading to the formation of distinct coal seams.