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Jack the Ripper

Jack the Ripper was the nickname for a serial killer that stalked the general area in and around Whitechapel in London, England during 1888. Nothing is known for sure regarding the identity of this killer or the exact number of victims.

404 Questions

What did Jack The Ripper do to Catherine Eddowes?

After the killer cut her throat her clothes were cut and ripped down the front, exposing her torso. She was cut open from the chest to the upper thighs. Intestines had been cut out and rested beside her body. Her reproductive organs were stabbed and mutilated and at least one organ was missing.* Her face had been cut, sliced and stabbed. Part of an earlobe was cut off and the end of her nose was barely hanging by a piece of skin. Her injuries were horrendous and beyond belief.

*Eddowes was missing a kidney. Several weeks after her murder a package and letter were sent to John Lusk (Lusk was the head of the vigilante group that trolled the east end looking for the killer.) The package contained one half of a human kidney preserved in alcohol. Dr. Oppenshaw of London Hospital declared it a human kidney in the last stages of Brights disease. Eddowes had been treated for Brights several months before her murder.

Why did Jack the Ripper choose to hunt in Whitechapel?

Only 5 murders and he vanished away. Maybe he choosed Whitechapel for a stay for a one year.

Where did Jack the Ripper kill Annie Millwood?

The Ripper did not kill Annie Millwood. Millwood was attacked by a lone male on Saturday, February 25 1888, receiving numerous stab wounds. She was taken to the hospital where she made a full recovery. Less than a month later Millwood dropped dead from a rupture of the left pulmonary artery through ulceration. According to the coroner her death was not was unrelated to the earlier attack.

Does Jack the Ripper have a wife and kids?

This question can not be answered because we do not know who Jack the Ripper actually was.

Since most people do at one time or another, it is probably safe to assume that the Ripper had some family somewhere, at some time. We just don't know who they were.

How did Jack the Ripper's killings affect public awareness to poverty?

Jack the Ripper also had an immediate effect on London by exposing the existence of the poverty stricken lower classes. Prior to the murders, the wealthier classes were aware of social unrest stirring in the East End. A riot and a widespread demonstration by the poorer classes had spilled outside of East End two years before. But the slayings focused an international lens on this district and the quality of life of the people who lived in the developed world's slums. The playwright George Bernard Shaw pointed out that the gruesome murders succeeded where social reformers failed by managing to attract widespread attention to the area's conditions.

Are there any charts or graphs on Jack The Ripper?

I'm not sure what you mean by charts and graphs. There are multitude of books and information about The Ripper and his crimes. Probably the best known serial killer of all time, you could study this subject for years and never cover all the information.

Did Jack The Ripper steal vaginas after killing?

He did. Among other things, starting with Annie Chapman, he took parts of vaginas, bladders and in one case a kidney. In the case of Mary Kelly, every organ except for the brain was removed from her body. That doesn't mean he took all of her organs. He removed them from her body. But some of her organs were taken, her heart was never found.

The Ripper was a 'poser or stager' as they are called. Some of the bodies were left with the purpose of shocking whomever found the bodies. And shock they did. For some killers this is part of the thrill for them. The more shock and disgust they invoke the happier it seems to make them.

Was James Kelly Jack the Ripper?

James Kelly has recently surfaced as a Ripper suspect. Unfortuneatly, when suspects are investigated for these crimes the person investigating relies on previous inaccuracies which in turn makes for faulty conclusions. James Kelly is one such suspect. Jack The Ripper's crimes did not stop after the murder of Mary Kelly in November 1888, and in all likelyhood Mary Ann Nichols was not the first victim. The detectives that worked the case were well aware of these facts. As time goes on many of these inaccuracies are taken as fact making the truth that much harder to discern.

How did smog help Jack The Ripper?

Although the term smog was unheard of, the city had it in spades. On any given day, the polluted air could be dangerous to a person's health. It could also reduce visability to a few feet. In this respect, the killer known as Jack The Ripper had the advantage.

What were women's jobs in whitechapel 1888?

In 1888, London's East End was riddled with prostitutes. The locals survived on a pittance, making money by cobbling together boots, making matches and skinning rabbits.

Whitechapel and Spitalfields' green spaces were filled with homeless people every night, and the area's formerly-grand Huguenot houses were crammed full of families, each sharing a room.

Discovery channel

How did Jack The Ripper kill his victims?

Jack the ripper killed five prostitutes by cutting their throats in two places. After they were dead, he stripped and mutilated them by removing some of their organs. In the related links box below, I posted some new information about a suspect you should read.

//None of the Ripper's victims were stripped of their clothes. The clothing was cut to allow access to the abdomins for the mutilation that followed. Except for the cutting and disarrangement, all victims were clothed with the exception of Mary Jane Kelly who was the only victim killed indoors. Kelly was in her underwear when murdered.
Surprisingly, a full understanding of the Ripper's modus operandi was not established until several years ago. The Whitechapel murderer and his victim stood facing each other. When she lifted her skirts, the victim's hands were occupied and was then defenseless. The Ripper seized the women by their throats and strangled them until they were unconscious if not dead. The autopsies constantly revealed clear indications that the victims had been strangled. In the past some writers believed that the Ripper struck from behind when the victims were bent forward, their skirts hiked up their backsides while waiting to engage in anal sex. This is a very awkward arrangement and the risk that they may scream or elude his clutch's make this unacceptable. The Ripper then lowered his victims to the ground, their heads to his left. This has been proven by the position of the bodies in relation to walls and fences that show that there was virtually no room for the murderer to attack the body from the left side. No bruising on the back of the heads shows that he lowered the bodies to the ground rather than throwing or letting them fall. Given the inclement weather and filth in the streets it is unacceptable that the prostitutes or their client would have attempted intercourse on the ground. He cut the throats when the women were on the ground. Splatter stains show that the blood pooled beside or under the neck and head of the victim rather than the front which is where the blood would flow if they had been standing up. In one case blood was found on the fence some 14 inches or so from the ground and opposite the neck wound and this shows that the blood spurted from the body while in the prone position on the ground. This method also prevented the killer from being unduly blood stained. By reaching over from the victim's right side to cut the left side of her throat, the blood flow would have been directed away from him, which would have reduced the amount of blood in which he would have been exposed. If the victim was already dead before their throats were cut, then the blood spilt would have not been very much. With the heart no longer beating the blood would not have been "pressurized," so only the blood in the immediate area of the wound would have evacuated gently from the cuts. The Ripper then made his other mutilations, still from the victim's right side, or possibly while straddling over the body at or near the feet. In several cases the legs had been pushed up which would have shortened the distance between the abdomen and the feet. No sign of intercourse was ever detected nor did the Ripper masturbate over the bodies. Usually he took a piece of the victim's viscera. The taking of a "trophy" is a common practice by modern sexual serial killers. In the opinion of most of the surgeons who examined the bodies, most believed that the killer had to have some degree of anatomical knowledge to do what he did. In one case he removed a kidney from the front rather than from the side, and did not damage any of the surrounding organs while doing so. In another case he removed the sexual organs with one clean stroke of the knife. Given the time circumstances of the crimes (outside, often in near total darkness, keeping one eye out for the approach of others, and under extremely tight time constraints), the Ripper almost certainly would have had some experience in using his knife.

-casebook-
On studying what is left of the autopsy reports and records of the inquests after each of the Ripper murders, the most likely conclusions were that the victims had their throats cut first from behind. Small bruises on several of the victims indicate the killer clapped a hand over the mouth, silencing the victim while at the same time exposing the throat better. There were no defensive wounds meaning that the women were silenced before they could put up a fight. Covering the mouth from behind and cutting the throat could be accomplished in a second or two. Once the killer cut the throats they would be unable to scream.* The killer from behind would also have protected him from much of the arterial spray from the neck wounds. Eased down onto their backs, the front of the bodies were fully exsposed for the mutilations that followed.

*The neck wounds were so severe as to almost decapitate the victims.
Slit throats, disembowelment, cutting off the female genitalia.

Surprisingly, a full understanding of the Ripper's modus operandi was not established until several years ago. The Whitechapel murderer and his victim stood facing each other. When she lifted her skirts, the victim's hands were occupied and was then defenseless. The Ripper seized the women by their throats and strangled them until they were unconscious if not dead. The autopsies constantly revealed clear indications that the victims had been strangled. In the past some writers believed that the Ripper struck from behind when the victims were bent forward, their skirts hiked up their backsides while waiting to engage in anal sex. This is a very awkward arrangement and the risk that they may scream or elude his clutch's make this unacceptable. The Ripper then lowered his victims to the ground, their heads to his left. This has been proven by the position of the bodies in relation to walls and fences that show that there was virtually no room for the murderer to attack the body from the left side. No bruising on the back of the heads shows that he lowered the bodies to the ground rather than throwing or letting them fall. Given the inclement weather and filth in the streets it is unacceptable that the prostitutes or their client would have attempted intercourse on the ground. He cut the throats when the women were on the ground. Splatter stains show that the blood pooled beside or under the neck and head of the victim rather than the front which is where the blood would flow if they had been standing up. In one case blood was found on the fence some 14 inches or so from the ground and opposite the neck wound and this shows that the blood spurted from the body while in the prone position on the ground. This method also prevented the killer from being unduly blood stained. By reaching over from the victim's right side to cut the left side of her throat, the blood flow would have been directed away from him, which would have reduced the amount of blood in which he would have been exposed. If the victim was already dead before their throats were cut, then the blood spilt would have not been very much. With the heart no longer beating the blood would not have been "pressurized," so only the blood in the immediate area of the wound would have evacuated gently from the cuts. The Ripper then made his other mutilations, still from the victim's right side, or possibly while straddling over the body at or near the feet. In several cases the legs had been pushed up which would have shortened the distance between the abdomen and the feet. No sign of intercourse was ever detected nor did the Ripper masturbate over the bodies. Usually he took a piece of the victim's viscera. The taking of a "trophy" is a common practice by modern sexual serial killers. In the opinion of most of the surgeons who examined the bodies, most believed that the killer had to have some degree of anatomical knowledge to do what he did. In one case he removed a kidney from the front rather than from the side, and did not damage any of the surrounding organs while doing so. In another case he removed the sexual organs with one clean stroke of the knife. Given the time circumstances of the crimes (outside, often in near total darkness, keeping one eye out for the approach of others, and under extremely tight time constraints), the Ripper almost certainly would have had some experience in using his knife.

-Casebook: Jack the ripper-

How long after the last Jack The Ripper murder did the police officially stop looking?

The Ripper's case was closed in 1892. But as a matter of fact, there are four new suspects but the police will not disclose any of the ripper's papers. More than 200 suspects have been named. But to Ripper expert Trevor Marriott, a former murder squad detective, German merchant Carl Feigenbaum is the top suspect. He was convicted of murdering his landlady in Manhattan and died in the electric chair in New York's Sing Sing prison in 1894. His lawyer suspected him of the Ripper murders too.

Investigating other groups who might have been in the area the St Katharine and the London Docks are a short walk from Whitechapel, a place merchant seamen would have flocked to as it was an infamous red light district. Such close proximity would have made it easy for the killer to steal back to his ship unnoticed.

The gaps between the murders also suggest the killer may have been a traveller. This theory fits with other facts, too. Although some suggest the killer was a resident of Whitechapel, wouldn't locals have given him up to the police? Especially after a reward was offered.

After some digging, Marriott came across records which showed the Nord Deutsche Line, a German merchant vessel group, had a ship called the Reiher docked at the time of the murders. When Marriott investigated the seamen aboard this ship, he came across the convicted murderer Feigenbaum.

Having watched his client die in the electric chair, Feigenbaum's lawyer William Lawton told the press he believed him to be responsible for the Ripper murders in London. Feigenbaum had confessed, he said, to suffering from a disease which periodically drove him to murder and mutilate women.

But having reviewed the evidence, Elizabeth Stride may have died at the hands of another killer, as everything about her murder is different to the others.

"Firstly the time the murder took place, and the knife used to cut her throat was much smaller than all of the other victims, hence the knife wound to her throat was much smaller and she had no other mutilations," says Marriott.

Doing the killing of both woman and distance between the two and the cutting of the second victim in less than one hour, does not seem possible.

How can you catch Jack The Ripper with modern technology?

The passage of time can be a fatal disease to an unsolved crime. Witnesses forget and eventually die, crime scenes disappear to old age and progress, and forensic evidence deteriorates with each passing year. But the biggest problem with the JTR case is that most of the case file is gone. There is very little left after WWII bombings, a change of address, and employee pilfering for souvenirs or profit.

DNA comparison holds the best chance for identification. There has been promising results in this area. Envolopes, stamps and rare paper (with watermarks) from British artist Walter Richard Sicker have been linked through mitochondrial DNA to letters from Jack The Ripper. Although this does not prove with %100 certainty that Sickert was indeed the Whitechapel killer, it does indicate the need for further study and testing.

What is the true ID of Jack The Ripper?

Jack The Ripper was never caught and although there is never a shortage of suspects it will most likely take DNA evidence to finally close the books on this killer.

What hat did Jack the Ripper wear?

The killer known as Jack The Ripper was never caught so it is unknown if he even wore a hat.

Would sniffer dogs been used in the Jack The Ripper investigation?

Actually they did. Under the command of Metropolitan Police Commissioner Charles Warren, dogs were brought in but could not follow the trail of the Ripper. It was an embarassment for Warren and Scotland Yard.

Jack the Ripper and William Brodie?

After the 1889 murder of Alice McKenzie, an intoxicated William Wallace Brodie walked into a police station and declared that he was Jack the Ripper. However, there is proof that he was sailing to South Africa on September 6, 1888. He didn't return to England until July 15, 1889, which means he couldn't have killed four of the canonical five, which means he was not the murderer we know as Jack the Ripper.

Why was Jack the Ripper was never caught?

It was not for the lack of trying. Scotland Yard was desperate to catch the Ripper. And they spared no expense to bring the fiend to justice. In the 1880s forensics were an unknown. At the time there was not even a test that could tell human blood from animal blood. Fiber and hair analysis didn't exist. Criminal profiling was a century into the future. Fingerprints did exist at the time but it would be decades before it was actually used with any consistancy.

So Jack The Ripper was left to his own devices. He continued to terrorize London's east end for years after he was thought to have stopped.

Were any of Jack The Ripper's victims strangled?

I see this piece of 'fiction' time after time in books and information that should have been researched better. The best way to put this myth to rest is to look at the original autopsy reports (or what is left of them) in the Ripper files.

There is absolutely no indication on any of the autopsy reports that would indicate that the victims were strangled or bludgened before being stabbed and disemboweled. What the evidence shows is most likely assualts from behind, throats cut from left to right first, then frontal attack with most likely the same knife that cut the throats. On one victim there was some very small bruising on the jaw, most likely the attacker put his hand over her mouth, pulled her back and cut her throat, this being accomplished in a matter of a second or two. This same pattern seems to have been repeated with all of the victims with the exception of Liz Stride. Stride being the only victim that was not mutilated most likely because the Ripper was interrupted by a street vendor.

Maybe because this case was never solved and probably more has been written about Jack The Ripper than any other serial killer in history, but it has made the perfect situation for falsehoods and theories that are over time taken for fact. It's best to stick to the facts, the physical evidence, not just in this case but in all true crime cases.

Why did this make murder more likely to happen in London 1888 Jack the Ripper?

As far as we know, the ripper killed 5 prostitutes and there was a double event which one could not be a ripper killing. So apart from being a prostitute and drunk in the early hours of the morning, the chances of being attacked by the ripper are minimum.

Is it true that grapes were found near Jack The Rippers victims?

Actually, this is one of the rumors that had at least some merit. There were grapes found near the Katherine Eddows crime scene but they were not close enough to the body to be conclusive. London's east end was never known for its cleanliness. The chance that it was unrelated was just as good as if it was. But in a case like this stories can get wildly out of control. It will be written down and copied over and over and before you know it it is taken as fact.

What part of the London bridge did Jack the Ripper jump?

If this question refers to the real Jack the Ripper, and not a fictional one, the answer would be that there were no known sightings of the murderer, and thus, it isn't known if he jumped off of ANY bridge.

There is, however, a story that says that, every year on the 31st of December, a ghost appears by the Elizabeth Tower(formerly the clock tower, and known as Big Ben), and who stumbles out onto the WESTMINSTER bridge, climbs over the edge, and jumps into the Thames. This ghost is said to be that of Jack the Ripper.

However, this is, A, a legend, and B, could, if it does indeed exist, be the ghost of any unfortunate soul.

Did Jack the Ripper kill Frances Coles?

Although not originally thought to have been the victim of Jack the Ripper, Frances Coles death on Friday 13, 1891 had many similarites with the previous Whitechapel victims. PC Ernest Thompson was walking his beat and had passed the spot where Coles body was found around 15 minutes later. He testified that the body had not been there. He also claimed to have heard a man's footsteps walking in the opposite direction as he came upon the body.

It is true that Coles did not receive the horrible wounds as other Ripper victims but in light of the fact that PC Thompson heard footsteps it was more than likely this was the killer leaving the scene. This is very similar to the murder of Elizabeth Stride, found with her throat sliced to the vertibrae yet no futher mutilations. The Ripper was interrupted at the Berner St. crime scene and barely escaped undiscovered. I believe this is exactly what happened in the Coles murder.

Lastly, while not exactly scientific, the striking resemblance of many of the Ripper's victims is evident, this includes Frances Coles. The opinions of the men who hunted the hunter, detectives at Scotland Yard, were confident Coles murder was a Ripper crime.

How was it possible that Jack the Ripper could get away with his crimes when there were people everywhere?

This was one of the most puzzling aspects of the Ripper case. With each murder, witnesses would testify about the man that just 'strolled' right by them. Whomever the Ripper really was, he was most definitely comfortable in the streets and alleyways of London's East End. That does not mean that he lived there but he had to have been very familiar with Whitechapel.

One thing is for sure, he did not panic. He kept his head, even when he was just seconds ahead of discovery after the murder of Elizabeth Stride. She was the first in what has come to be known as the "double header". Less than an hour after Stride's murder (no mutilation) Katherine Eddows was murdered and then mutilated a mile from the first crime scene. Experts agree that because the Ripper was interrupted while killing Stride, he needed to kill Eddows to fulfill his need. I think this is the most accurate theory.

There is no doubt that JTR was lucky. Sometimes that's all you need. He had nerve, luck, and was able to stay ahead of the law only because forensics were for the most part, nonexistant.