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Pap Smear

The Papanicolaou test (also called Pap smear, Pap test, cervical smear, or smear test) was invented by Georgios Nikolaou Papanikolaou. He was a Greek pioneer in cytopathology and early cancer detection. The PAP test is a screening test to detect possible pre-cancerous and cancerous cells of the endo-cervical canal. A plastic a speculum is used to open the vaginal canal, and an applicator is used to very gently collect cells from the end of the cervix. Special stains are added to the specimen, which is sent to a lab for processing. Cervical cancers are typically caused by sexually transmitted human papillomaviruses (HPV) which most females contract soon after first becoming sexually active. The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and other experts recommend starting screening at age 21 (or between ages 20 to 60, and definitely while sexually active. The test is not painful, though it can be temporarily uncomfortable.

460 Questions

What is Cin 3 in abnormal smear?

CIN 3, or Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia grade 3, represents a severe form of cervical dysplasia where there are significant changes in the cells on the surface of the cervix. It is considered a precancerous condition, indicating that the cells are at a high risk of progressing to cervical cancer if left untreated. CIN 3 is typically identified through a Pap smear and usually requires further evaluation, such as a biopsy, and often treatment to prevent the development of cancer.

How do you make smear from milk?

To make a smear from milk, first, heat the milk gently until it reaches a temperature of about 40-45°C (104-113°F). Then, add a small amount of an acid (like lemon juice or vinegar) to curdle the milk, stirring gently. Once curds form, separate them from the whey using a fine strainer or cheesecloth. Finally, you can blend the curds to achieve a smooth consistency for your smear.

In a pap smear What is the name of the container that you put the cervical cell in called?

In a pap smear, the container used to collect and transport cervical cells is typically called a "specimen vial" or "Pap test vial." This vial is designed to preserve the cells for laboratory analysis and may contain a liquid preservative to maintain cell viability. The proper labeling and handling of the vial are crucial for accurate test results.

How do you prepare a heat fixed smear?

To prepare a heat-fixed smear, start by placing a small drop of the specimen (such as bacterial culture) on a clean glass slide. Using a sterile loop or stick, spread the drop evenly to create a thin film. Allow the smear to air dry completely, then pass the slide through a flame briefly to fix the cells to the slide, ensuring not to overheat and damage the sample. Once cooled, the slide is ready for staining and microscopic examination.

What are the types of smears?

There are several types of smears used in various fields, particularly in medical diagnostics and cytology. Common types include Pap smears, which are used to screen for cervical cancer; blood smears, which assess blood cells for abnormalities; and Gram stains, which classify bacteria based on their cell wall characteristics. Each type serves a specific purpose in identifying diseases or infections through microscopic examination.

What does numerous polys mean in a pap smear report?

"Numerous polys" in a Pap smear report refers to the presence of numerous polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), which are a type of white blood cell often associated with inflammation or infection. Their presence can indicate an inflammatory response, which may be due to various causes, such as infections or other underlying conditions. It is important for healthcare providers to consider this finding in the context of other results and the patient's clinical symptoms to determine the appropriate follow-up or treatment.

What is the meaning of endocervical cells present in Hindi?

Endocervical cells उन कोशिकाओं को कहते हैं जो गर्भाशय के ग्रीवा (cervix) के अंदरूनी हिस्से में पाई जाती हैं। ये कोशिकाएँ गर्भाशय ग्रीवा की सुरक्षात्मक परत का हिस्सा होती हैं और आमतौर पर गर्भाशय ग्रीवा के स्वास्थ्य और जनन स्वास्थ्य की जांच के लिए महत्वपूर्ण होती हैं। इन कोशिकाओं की उपस्थिति या अनुपस्थिति से विभिन्न स्वास्थ्य स्थितियों का संकेत मिल सकता है।

What does shoosh pap mean?

Ah, "shoosh pap" is just a fun and whimsical phrase that doesn't have a specific meaning. It's like a little secret language that brings joy and creativity to our hearts. Just let it dance on your tongue and bring a smile to your face, like a happy little cloud in the sky.

Pap smear is a clinical chemistry test?

A Pap smear is not a clinical chemistry test; it is a screening test used to detect cervical cancer or pre-cancerous changes in cervical cells. Clinical chemistry tests typically involve the analysis of blood and other body fluids to assess a patient's health status.

A pap smear is used to diagnose?

A Pap smear, also known as a Pap test or cervical cytology, is not used to diagnose a specific disease but rather to screen for abnormal changes in the cells of the cervix. The primary purpose of a Pap smear is the early detection of precancerous or cancerous cells in the cervix, specifically related to cervical cancer.

During a Pap smear:

Cell Collection: A healthcare provider collects a sample of cells from the cervix using a small brush or spatula.

Laboratory Analysis: The collected cells are then sent to a laboratory, where they are examined under a microscope to identify any abnormalities.

Detection of Abnormalities: The Pap smear is designed to detect changes in the cervical cells that may indicate the presence of precancerous or cancerous conditions. This includes changes caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), which is a major risk factor for cervical cancer.

Screening and Early Detection: The primary goal of a Pap smear is to screen for abnormalities in the cervix early on, allowing for timely intervention and treatment before the condition progresses to cancer.

It's important to note that a Pap smear is a screening tool and not a definitive diagnostic test. If abnormalities are detected, further diagnostic procedures such as colposcopy or biopsy may be recommended to confirm the presence of cervical abnormalities or cancer.

Regular Pap smears are a crucial component of cervical cancer prevention, providing an opportunity for early detection and intervention. The frequency of Pap smears may vary based on factors such as age, risk factors, and previous results, and individuals should follow their healthcare provider's recommendations for cervical cancer screening.

What can a doctor find in a pap smear?

A Pap smear, also known as a Pap test or cervical cytology, is a screening procedure used to detect abnormal cells on the cervix, which could indicate cervical cancer or precancerous conditions. During a Pap smear, a healthcare provider collects a small sample of cells from the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. The sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis. Here's what a doctor can find in a Pap smear:

Normal Cells:

A normal Pap smear result indicates that no abnormal cells are detected on the cervix. This is a reassuring finding.

Abnormal Cells:

Abnormal cells may be classified into different categories based on their appearance, such as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), atypical squamous cells—cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). These classifications help guide further evaluation and management.

Infection or Inflammation:

In some cases, the Pap smear may reveal signs of infection or inflammation in the cervical cells. This could be due to conditions such as yeast infections or bacterial vaginosis.

Presence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV):

Some Pap smear results may include information about the presence of high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly if the sample was tested for HPV at the same time. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV is a major risk factor for cervical cancer.

Dysplasia or Precancerous Changes:

The Pap smear may detect dysplasia, which refers to abnormal changes in the cells that may progress to cancer if left untreated. Dysplasia is often classified as low-grade or high-grade, depending on the severity of the changes.

It's important to note that a Pap smear is a screening test, not a diagnostic test. If abnormal cells are detected, further diagnostic procedures such as colposcopy or biopsy may be recommended to determine the extent of the abnormalities and guide appropriate treatment.

How long should you cramp after a pap smear it's been 6 days and I'm still cramping badly no blood but a lot of cramping?

It's not normal to have cramping six days after a pap smear, and you should contact your health care provider.

Does abnormal paps always mean hiv?

Abnormal paps almost never mean HIV. While women with HIV are more likely to have abnormal pap smears, most women with abnormal pap smears do not have HIV.

What are the advantages of having a smear test?

A pap smear can detect cervical cancer or precancerous changes on the cervix early. Early treatment is much easier and has a better success rate than if a condition is not detected until late.

Is spotting normal while preg after a pap smear?

Yes, I've had it happen to me when I was pregnant. Please note it should just be spotting nothing heavy and should only last a day or two. Hope this helps and good luck.

Is it normal to have burning after a pap smear?

No, it's not normal to have burning after a pap smear. Talk with your health care provider to determine what sort of follow-up is needed.

Can pap smear cause spotting in early pregnancy?

A small amount of spotting will not interfere with the pap results, while heavier bleeding may. Ask your health care provider for advice specific to your situation.

Can a pap smear break your hymen?

i just had my first pap, at 22 years old. i was worried about my hymen breaking but even though the pap was uncomfortable, my gyno said my hymen is still there. be sure to tell your gyno so they can use a smaller speculum--mine switched once she realized my hymen wasn't torn.
Well you dont break it the doctor does. Sometimes he just stretches it.

What can happen if someone fails to get a pap smear done?

If you don't get regular pap smear screening, it's possible that an abnormal condition could develop on the cervix without you knowing. Progression of an abnormality could make treatment more complicated.