i) Instruction code deals only with mnemonics and its corresponding opcode but data code refers to your data like 10h which is always of 8 bits or a particular address say 8080h which is of 16 bits.
ii) Data is your input to the instruction but an opcode is native to your machine.
iii) Data is user specific instruction while opcode is machine specific instruction
iv) You can alter data code but you cannot modify an instruction opcode.
difference between micro operation and microinstruction
In the 8086/8088 microprocessor, the code segment is used to fetch the opcode and any additional instruction bytes that might be part of the instruction, while the data segment is used to fetch and/or store any operand bytes that the instruction requires to be manipulated.This is in the case of no segment override prefix.
The 8086 microprocessor differentiates between opcodes and instruction data through its instruction format, where the first byte(s) typically represent the opcode, while subsequent bytes represent operands or data. The opcode specifies the operation to be performed, while the data can include registers, memory addresses, or constants. Additionally, the instruction pointer and segment registers help the processor understand the context of the instruction, allowing it to interpret the opcode and associated data correctly. This structured format enables the 8086 to efficiently decode and execute instructions.
Suppose we give a 8-bit instruction ADD B to the microprocessor then this instruction is not at all understood by microprocessor as it only accepts binary inputs so first of all it stores the instruction in the INSTRUCTION REGISTOR then it decodes this instruction ADD B to its suitable binary code 80H in the INSTRUCTION DECODER.. after converting to 80H then the microprocessor understands that .. yes i have to add the content of the resistor B with that of A(accumulator) and store the result in the accumulator A this is a small example how microprocessor operates facing the instructions
Do you mean what is the difference between a microprocessor and microcode? Microcode is an instruction sequencer found in CISC architectures. It's job is to take the machine code and break it down into a sequence (usually steps of 4) to execute things such as indirect register references and other multi-step instructions.
The NOP instruction is short for no-operation. It is an executable instruction that does nothing to the processor, its registers, or its flags. It is useful in timing loops, or to provide room for patchabilty of a piece of code.
Each HLL (High Level Language) instruction is comprised of multiple microprocessor instructions, in a platform-dependent manner. The microprocessor only understands a very simple instruction set, usually on the order of between 30 and 200 instructions (including variants). The most compact processors generally use a RISC architecture (Reduced Instruction Set Computing), which has a fixed size instruction unit and a limited number of instructions (reducing design complexity and power requirements), while Intel uses a richer instruction set (so processors are more complex). The important part about a HLL is that the developer doesn't have to know or understand the microprocessor they are coding for, because their HLL compiler will take care of the details for them. They should at least understand, however, that their HLL code is not executed by the computer directly, but is instead converted into a series of small, single-step instructions that the microprocessor will follow.
All the programming instructions whcih are basically in the assembly code has the corresponding hexadecimal code.the microprocessor understand or interprets what this code is and based on that it performs operation for eg HLT which had hexcode 76 the microprocessor understands76 as tha halt instruction and based on that it halts or terminates the program Anand bhat(mca@kiit-870024)
Fetch Decode Execute. This is the cycle that processors will follow. Fetch the Instruction, Decode it into machine code, Execute the commands
Generally speaking, it doesn't relate at all. If it did, it wouldn't be high-level, it would be machine-dependent. The relationship between the high-level code and the machine-code is ultimately determined by the language translator (compiler and/or interpreter) but, unlike assembly language which maps 1:1 with the microprocessor instruction set, compilers and interpreters are code generators and there is seldom a 1:1 relationship between the high-level source code and the machine code.
op code is used as the value of instruction . And operand is address location where the instruction can meet.
Decoders are used to analyze data streams for a certain data code and give an output if the data is present like an address to a peripheral unit that needs service. application of decoders as follow microprocessor memory system microprocessor input-output system memory chip microprocessor instruction chip & lots of other application