There are two types of registers such as: a) General purpose registers b) Special purpose registers
Microprocessor consists of different types of registers. They special purpose registers, general purpose registers, address registers, floating point registers and constant registers.
UNIVAC LARC had 26 general purpose registers, but could be expanded to 99 registers, if required.
The registers in a CPU are organized according to their purpose. There are data registers and address registers. The address registers are in charge of pointing out where certain data stores are.
Cash register School Register -------------------- processor register User-accessible Registers Data registers Address registers Conditional registers General purpose registers Floating point registers Constant registers Special purpose registers Instruction registers Model-specific registers Control and status registers Memory buffer register Memory data register Memory address register Memory Type Range Registers Hardware registers
general purpose registers are basically used to hold temporarily data and intermediately result. example: ax,bx,cx,dx each of 16 bits. whereas special purpose register are primely used for memory access. it is of two types : 1. segment register and 2. index register/ pointer
General purpose registers are called as scratch pad memories
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There are 6 general purpose Registers and Two special purpose registers: General purpose registers(8 bit basically) are B,C,D,E,H,L and SPECIAL Purpose resisters are STACK PONITER,PROGRAM COUNTER these two are 16 bit registers. If u want make general purpose registers as 16 bit registers, the combination is BC,DE,HL these are 16 bit pair registers
The advantages of using general-purpose registers in the 8086 microprocessor include increased flexibility for data manipulation, as they can be used for various operations such as arithmetic, logic, and data transfer. They help simplify instruction encoding by allowing the use of a uniform set of operations across different registers. Additionally, general-purpose registers facilitate efficient programming by enabling quick access to frequently used data, thereby improving overall execution speed. Lastly, the use of these registers can reduce memory access, which enhances performance by minimizing delays associated with fetching data from RAM.
In 8085 general purpose registers are used to hold data like any other registers. In 8085 there are six types of special registers called general purpose registers. The general purpose registers in 8085 are B, C, D, E, H and L. Each register can hold 8 bit data. Apart from above functions these registers can also be used to work in pairs to hold 16 bit data. They can work in pairs such as B-C, D-E, H-L to store 16 bit data. The H-L pair work as a memory pointer. A memory pointer holds the address of a particular memory location. They can store 16 bit address as they work in pairs.
General-purpose registers offer flexibility, allowing them to be used for various data types and operations, which can simplify instruction sets and improve performance through reduced instruction cycles. However, this flexibility can lead to increased complexity in managing data and addresses, potentially requiring more sophisticated compiler and programmer strategies. In contrast, separate address and data registers provide clearer roles, making it easier to optimize memory access and reduce programming complexity, but they can limit the number of available registers for either function, potentially impacting performance. Overall, the choice between these architectures depends on the specific needs of the application and the design goals of the processor.