Excessive broadcast traffic can cause network congestion, and cause systems within that broadcast domains to be slowed down by having to process large amounts of packets.
Excessive broadcasts, and using hubs instead of switches or routers to segment the network.
Network capacity taken up by broadcasts cannot be used by normal network traffic, and because broadcast domains are not (by default) broken up by switches (only routers) they typically affect large numbers of hosts simultaneously.Users will complain of slow or unavailable network response if it gets too bad.
Complex address schemes
A Hub is the only network device for this type of job. Since a router stops broadcasts, it segments a network in a way. On the other hand, a switch does forward broadcasts but it creates segments because each switch port can be a network on their own.
Yes, broadcasts can occur at the Layer 2 level in a network using Ethernet. The MAC address used for broadcast is FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF, which signifies that the frame should be sent to all devices on the local network segment. When a device sends a frame with this MAC address, all devices within the same broadcast domain will receive and process the frame.
A hub does not aid in network segmentation. Unlike switches and routers, which can create separate broadcast domains and manage traffic between different network segments, a hub simply broadcasts data to all connected devices in a single segment. This lack of traffic control makes hubs unsuitable for improving network performance or security through segmentation.
Limited Broadcast - Sent to all NICs on the some network segment as the source NIC. It is represented with the 255.255.255.255 TCP/IP address. This broadcast is not forwarded by routers so will only appear on one network segment.Direct broadcast - Sent to all hosts on a network. Routers may be configured to forward directed broadcasts on large networks. For network 192.168.0.0, the broadcast is 192.168.255.255.
-They let two network segments appear as one network to connected workstations. -Their primary function is to keep traffic for one segment away from the other segment.
populated segments a network segment that contains ends nodes,such as work stations. unpopulated segments a network segment that does not contain end nodes, such as workstations. Unpopulated segments are also called link segments.
Although some would suggest that a switch could segment a network (and it does use the MAC address for switching) more properly a bridge would be the answer if you are speaking of segmenting a network.
Repeaters and Hubs
The information about the segment or network to which a node belongs is typically provided by the node's IP address and subnet mask. The IP address identifies the specific device within the network, while the subnet mask indicates the range of IP addresses that are part of the same network segment. Together, they help in determining the node's network location and facilitate proper routing of data packets. Additionally, network protocols such as ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) can provide further details about the node's connectivity within the segment.