It encounters the HLT instruction when there is not an endless loop or other things that are done endlessly.
HLT
HLT, or Halt, is an assembly language instruction used to stop the execution of a program. When the CPU encounters the HLT instruction, it enters a low-power state until an interrupt occurs, effectively pausing operations. This instruction is commonly used at the end of a program or to signal that the CPU should wait for further instructions. In some systems, it helps manage power consumption and resource allocation.
All the programming instructions whcih are basically in the assembly code has the corresponding hexadecimal code.the microprocessor understand or interprets what this code is and based on that it performs operation for eg HLT which had hexcode 76 the microprocessor understands76 as tha halt instruction and based on that it halts or terminates the program Anand bhat(mca@kiit-870024)
branch instruction
It fetches the next instruction.
it goes to queue for next instruction
Special restart instruction used with interrupts
it has an instruction set of a few hundred instructions.
The Instruction Pointer (IP) in an 8086 microprocessor contains the address of the next instruction to be executed. The processor uses IP to request memory data from the Bus Interface Unit, and then increments it by the size of the instruction.
A=HL+A or A=DE+A
1byte instruction = MOV A,B 2byte instruction = MVI A,01H 3byte instruction = STA 2030H
In the 8085 microprocessor, EI stands for "Enable Interrupt." It is an instruction used to enable the interrupt system, allowing the microprocessor to recognize and respond to external interrupt requests. When the EI instruction is executed, the microprocessor sets the interrupt enable flip-flop, permitting it to accept interrupts after the current instruction is completed. This is crucial for handling asynchronous events and multitasking in embedded systems.