No, planets are not required for a structure to be classified as a galaxy. A galaxy is primarily defined by its collection of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter, all bound together by gravity. While most galaxies contain planets, they can exist without them, as galaxies are fundamentally characterized by their overall structure and composition rather than the presence of individual celestial bodies.
The planets are part of the galaxy.
It is possible that every galaxy has some planets. We just are starting to detect some planets in other galaxies.
The planets we know of, some 300 now, are all in the Milky Way galaxy.
Planets are not necessarily in a galaxy but chances are very slim that in a galaxy that is not just newly forming there would not be any exoplanets.
We expect the Andromeda galaxy to be just like our own Milky Way galaxy. We can see stars (suns) in the Andromeda Galaxy and just as stars have planets orbiting them in our galaxy, we believe that there must be planets also orbiting stars in the Andromeda galaxy.
The Andromeda galaxy is a separate galaxy from our Milky Way and has its own set of planets. However, due to the vast distance between our galaxies, we are currently unable to observe individual planets in the Andromeda galaxy.
No. I don't believe any planets have been detected outside of our Galaxy. Within our Galaxy, planets are detected by inference not visual techniques. See link for lists of known extrasolar planets
There are billions of planets and moons in the Star Wars galaxy.
The galaxy is not a planet. The galaxy is MADE of millions and millions of stars and planets.
It is extremely likely, but we cannot yet find planets from that far away. All the planets we have found to date are in our own galaxy. The Andromeda galaxy is 2.5 million light years away whereas our galaxy is about 100,000 light years across.
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Planets orbit stars, stars orbit a galaxy. Planets are not "on" anything. A lot of stars out there have planets - we are just finding out how many now that we have better techniques to find them. So probably all galaxies have at least some stars with planets.