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NEON signs, or other gas tube signs, do not typically LEAK. They are under vacuum, and if cracked, will suck in air, making them unable to properly light up, or not light at all.

After (usually) years of use, sometimes DECADES, the gas in a neon tube will do something that is called "clean up". This refers to the action in a luminous tube where the atoms of gas apparantly combine chemically with the electrode metal. Sometimes if you look closely at an aged tube, you can see a shiny metal sputtering on the glass wall right around the electrode. The atoms strike the electrode at high speed, and this striking action may very well serve to break down the atomic structure of the gas and metal atoms. It may be possible that the atoms of gas are able to combine chemically with the glass atoms too... as there are electrodeless lamps that also have a finite life.

In most all cases, the gas pressure of luminous glass lamps gradually decreases until the power supply can no longer light the tube.

In my industry (neon signs) many neon tubes come back to the shop after decades of use. They no longer light up on a standard transformer... but when hooked up to a very large 22,500 volt neon bombarder, they will light up for a few brief moments (sometimes minutes) until the last of the gas is eliminated. The electrodes often heat up very red due to the low gas pressure, which allows the atoms to pick up more speed when bouncing around. This increased speed can actually crack a corner or double back area of a neon tube... often times puncturing a fine hole in it.

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