A Cingular cellphone is a phone that is tailored or made specifically for the Cingular cellphone network. Cingular at the time had a GSM network that used a specific cellphone band to make and receive calls.
China has the world's biggest cellphone network in terms of customers which are more than 525 million (January 2010).
High Speed Packet Access, or HSPA, is a cellular network data standard. It is the fastest network speed available using 3G technology as defined by the Global System for Mobile communications Association, or GSMA. HSPA requires compatible hardware in the cellphone and the cell network, so only some phones can use it and only when within suitable cellular coverage.
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Cellular networks are systems that allow mobile devices to communicate with each other by connecting to a network of cell towers. These networks enable phone calls, text messages, and internet access on mobile devices by using radio waves to transmit information. Various technologies, such as 3G, 4G, and 5G, are used to provide different levels of speed and coverage.
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protocol stack
to track data useage
Router
CDMA technology uses spread spectrum concept thereby giving users unique code to de-spread the information being sent to them. so CDMA is secure and occupies a large bandwidth of information compared to GSM technology.
to transmit data