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Transfer of information in the public switched telephone network (PSTN) takes place over landline trunked lines (called trunks) comprised of fiber optic cables, copper cables, microwave links, and satellite links. The network configurations in the PSTN are virtually static, since the network connections may only be changed when a subscriber changes residence and requires reprogramming at the local central office (CO) of the subscriber.

Wireless networks, on the other hand, are highly dynamic, with the network configuration being rearranged every time a subscriber moves into the coverage region of a different base station or a new market. While fixed networks are difficult to change, wireless networks must reconfigure themselves for users within small intervals of time (on the order of seconds) to provide roaming and imperceptible handoffs between calls as a mobile moves about. The available channel bandwidth for fixed networks can be increased by installing high capacity cables (fiberoptic or coaxial cable), whereas wireless networks are constrained by the meager RF cellular bandwidth provided for each user.

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