None the wind keeps the glider in the air
Hang gliders rely on currents of warm air called thermals - to lift them high into the atmosphere. Knowing the type of weather in the area they want to fly - enables them to plan a route to make the most of the available updrafts.
The primary purpose of hang gliders is to enable human flight by harnessing wind and air currents for soaring. They provide a simple and accessible way for enthusiasts to experience flight, allowing pilots to glide from heights and navigate through the air using control surfaces. Hang gliding also serves recreational and competitive purposes, offering a unique perspective of the landscape and the thrill of flight.
Normally the pilot of a hang-glider will run down a slope and lift off nicely because of the speed of the air-flow over the wings. Once in the air, a hang-glider pilot will use the upward draft caused by wind blowing against a large hill/mountain or by skillfully circling in a thermal.
External forces that act on a hang glider include lift, gravity, drag, and thrust. Lift is created when the air flowing over the wings generates an upward force, supporting the weight of the hang glider. Gravity acts downward, pulling the hang glider towards the ground. Drag is the resistance encountered by the hang glider as it moves through the air, slowing it down. Thrust is the force generated by the pilot's movement or by a tow plane, providing forward motion for the hang glider.
Gliders are pulled by a small plane into the air and then the gliders move around catching air currents from the heat.
All air planes need or can use an elevator Any plane with an engine or that is heavy needs elevators (gliders need one to) hang gliders and planes like that use the weight shifting to turn and go up and down
Yes, helicopters are not airplanes. I think hot air balloons are considered flying. Also, people fly on hang gliders. Dirigibles are not airplanes.
If the air is flowing in the opposite direction, the hang glider would likely lose lift and begin to descend. Hang gliders rely on air flowing over their wings to generate lift, so flying against the wind would make it difficult to maintain altitude or even move forward. The pilot would need to find a way to adjust their flight path or land safely.
Gliders and hot air balloons have no engines. (also paper darts, if you count them!)Gliders
A plane without an engine is typically referred to as a glider or a sailplane. Gliders are designed to fly using the natural forces of lift generated by air currents and thermals. They are often launched by a tow plane or a winch and rely on gravity and air currents to stay aloft.
For this answer I will leave out the remote controlled planes and the hang gliders or ultralight. This answer is based for a plane flown with a human pilot aboard. The smallest working air plane Bumble Bee II.