Because water has a very high specific heat and is capable of absorbing a large amount of heat energy without changing temperature.
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They are the same in that they don't allow reactor coolant water boiling in the primary water coolant loop. They are different in that in PHWR the moderator is heavy water while in PWR the moderator is normal light water.
Normal water, or light water, absorbs too many neutrons to be an effective moderator in a nuclear reactor. This absorption can make it difficult to sustain a nuclear chain reaction. Instead, reactors often use heavy water or graphite as a moderator, which have lower neutron absorption rates.
This is the function of the moderator, which may be heavy water, light water, or graphite
moderator, coolant
Carbon is a very good moderator, for use in gascooled reactors, the others not.
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Room temp.
slightly warm water is good, with lots of soap
Shielding is used to prevent the escape of neutrons from a reactor. A moderator is used in the reactor to undergo collisions with a neutron. The neutrons produced in fission collide with the molecules of the moderator, imparting their kinetic energy on them. This generates heat in the reactor. (Temperature is the measure of the average random molecular kinetic energy of a substance).
because it smell good