How scientific developments affected the cultural movements of the nineteenth century?

Answer 1

By the early nineteenth century, the harnessing of steam power enabled humans to vastly multiply the energy generated from burning coal, thereby greatly expanding the amount of energy available to humans per capita, that is, to each individual.

Answer 2

Scientific developments in the 19th century, such as Darwin's theory of evolution and advancements in geology and physics, challenged traditional religious beliefs and influenced cultural movements like Romanticism, positivism, and realism. These scientific advancements led to a greater emphasis on reason, empiricism, and skepticism, shaping the way people viewed themselves and their place in the world. Artists, writers, and philosophers drew inspiration from these new scientific ideas, often incorporating them into their work to explore themes of progress, nature, and the human condition.