There was only one American black pilot in WWI. His name was Eugene Jacques Bullard. His nickname was 'Black Swallow of Death'. There are books on him: The Black Swallow of Death: The Incredible Story of Eugene Jacques Bullard, The World's First Black Combat Aviator by P.J. Carisella and James W. Ryan and another one called Eugene Bullard: Black Expatriate in Jazz-Age Paris written by Craig Lloyd.