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Alternating currents (AC) are produced by generators that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through electromagnetic induction. In a typical AC generator, a coil of wire rotates within a magnetic field, causing the direction of the current to reverse periodically as the coil moves through different orientations of the magnetic field. This process results in a sinusoidal waveform of voltage and current, characteristic of AC. The frequency of the alternating current is determined by the speed of the rotation and the number of poles in the generator.

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