as to the darkness, most, if not all of the organisms there are blind or have a bioluminescent light. As to the organisms that don't have mouths, they most likely get their energy from chemosynthetic bacteria that live inside or on their body.
Scientists refer to the organisms that live below the bottom of the ocean as extremophiles, which are organisms that thrive in extreme environments. These organisms have adapted to survive in conditions such as high pressure, darkness, and extreme temperatures that are present in the deep sea.
hydrothermal vents are found in the deep zone
At hydrothermal vents, the bottom of the food chain is primarily composed of chemosynthetic bacteria and archaea. These microorganisms utilize chemicals, such as hydrogen sulfide, emitted from the vents to produce energy through chemosynthesis. They serve as the primary producers, forming the basis of the food web, which supports diverse organisms like tube worms, clams, and various crustaceans that rely on these microbes for nutrition.
hydrothermal vents are on the bottom of the ocean where there is not much sunlight and is so deep, that they thought it would be impossible for any organisms to survive. apparently, hydrothermal vents provided heat and produced chemicals which bacteria feed on. And other animals feed on bacteria.
Hydrothermal vents are found along seafloor spreading centers on the bottom of the oceans.
hydrothermal vents are found in the deep zone
Hydrothermal vents allow underground heat sources to warm the ocean bottom which is necessary to support deep see ecology.
the organisms in the bottom of the food chain are usually producers.
The aphotic zone is the deepest part of the ocean where sunlight cannot reach. It is characterized by complete darkness and is home to various deep-sea organisms that have adapted to survival without light. The aphotic zone starts below the photic zone, which is the upper layer of the ocean where sunlight can penetrate.
Hydrothermal vents are openings in the seafloor out of which heated mineral-rich water flows. So plants at the bottom of the ocean can use the minerals from the hydrothermal vents to help them grow and photosynthesis..hope that helped:)
crystal crossing bottom
because the water is so deep sunlight doesnt penetrate that far down, so they live in complete darkness. dont need to see if its too dark to see.....lol.