How energy flow through the forest?

Answer 1

Energy flows through a forest primarily through the process of photosynthesis, where plants (producers) convert sunlight into chemical energy stored in their tissues. Herbivores (primary consumers) then consume these plants, transferring energy up the food chain. Carnivores (secondary and tertiary consumers) feed on herbivores and other carnivores, continuing the energy transfer. Decomposers, like fungi and bacteria, break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil and completing the cycle.