Recirculating currents and turbulent waters are primarily created by the interaction of wind, water temperature differences, and obstacles in the water such as rocks or the sea floor. Wind generates surface waves and currents, while variations in water temperature and salinity can lead to density differences, causing vertical mixing. Additionally, the Earth's rotation (Coriolis effect) influences the direction of currents, contributing to their complexity. When these factors combine, they can create chaotic patterns of movement, resulting in turbulence.
A low-head dam.
As water is on top of the ocean, wind pushes it along, creating a current. As it warms, it interacts with lower colder waters, pulling them along with it. As water cools, it rises and this interaction creates ocean currents.
Sunlight warms the waters on the ocean surface. Some heat energy is transferred to cooler waters through convection.
ridge of sand built up by currents in a river or coastal waters
the waters of the ocean
Equator due to the trade winds pushing the surface waters westward. This creates the Equatorial Counter Current, which flows eastward at the surface.
Recirculating currents and turbulent waters are primarily created by the interaction of wind, water flow, and underwater topography, such as rocks or sandbars. These factors can generate waves and eddies that disrupt the smooth flow of water, leading to sudden shifts in currents. Additionally, narrow channels or constricted areas can amplify these effects, creating dangerous conditions for boats. When boaters are caught in such turbulence, the unpredictable currents can capsize vessels or sweep individuals overboard, posing serious risks.
Ocean currents.
waters of the ocean that move in giant streams are called currents.
Ocean currents moving away from the equator typically bring colder waters from higher latitudes towards the equator. These colder waters often carry nutrients, which can impact marine ecosystems and provide a source of food for various marine organisms.
Cyclones cannot hit Adelaide. Cyclones form in warm tropical waters, and then follow warm currents, but no warm currents extend from Australia's warmer waters to the south where Adelaide is located.
Vertically