3 factors are used to divide the ocean into distinct marine life zone : The availability of sunlight, the distance from shore, and the water depth
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There are two major ocean zones, Pelagic and Benthic zones. The Pelagic zone is the open ocean and the Benthic zone is the ocean bottom.
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Ocean zones are determined based on depth and distance from the shore. The main criteria used are the amount of light that penetrates the water, temperature, and the presence of marine life. These criteria help scientists classify the ocean into distinct zones like the sunlight zone, twilight zone, and midnight zone.
Marine zones include the foreshore of the beach. Organisms and animals living in marine zones must adjust to low and high tide, and therefore, a flood of water, and no water.
The ocean zones of a marine ecosystem, from most shallow to deepest, include the intertidal zone, where the ocean meets the land and is exposed at low tide; the neritic zone, which extends from the low tide mark to the continental shelf; and the oceanic zone, which is further divided into the epipelagic (sunlit), mesopelagic (twilight), bathypelagic (midnight), abyssopelagic (dark), and hadal zones (deep ocean trenches). Each zone supports distinct ecosystems and communities of organisms adapted to varying light, pressure, and temperature conditions.
Key zones in an ocean biosystem include the surface zone where most sunlight penetrates, the twilight zone where light diminishes, and the deep zone where no sunlight reaches. Organisms in these zones include phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish, marine mammals, and deep-sea creatures like anglerfish and grenadiers.
The marine life zones that are warm, well-lit, and rich in biodiversity are primarily the neritic zone and the euphotic zone. The neritic zone extends from the shoreline to the edge of the continental shelf, where sunlight penetrates, promoting photosynthesis and supporting a variety of marine organisms. The euphotic zone, which is the upper layer of the ocean, is where sunlight reaches and is home to numerous plants and animals, including phytoplankton, zooplankton, and various fish species. Both zones are critical for marine ecosystems and fisheries.
Neritic Zones
Trenches are deep ocean features of subduction zones.
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The ocean is typically divided into several zones based on depth and light penetration. These include the epipelagic zone (sunlight zone), mesopelagic zone (twilight zone), bathypelagic zone (dark zone), abyssopelagic zone (abyss), and hadal zone (deep ocean trenches). Each zone has distinct characteristics, including temperature, pressure, and types of marine life that inhabit them. Overall, these zones help scientists study and understand the diverse ecosystems present in the ocean.