The minimum stream velocity needed to carry a particle of sand depends on the size and weight of the sand particle, as well as the characteristics of the stream such as flow rate and turbulence. In general, for typical sand particles, a stream velocity of around 0.3 m/s to 1 m/s is needed to entrain and transport them.
To prevent particles of 0.01 cm from settling downstream, a minimum stream velocity of 0.02 m/s is required, based on Stokes' law calculations for settling velocity.
The minimum stream velocity needed to keep a 6.4 cm diameter particle in motion is dependent on factors such as the density of the particle and the fluid, as well as other environmental conditions. However, as a general guideline, the velocity required can be estimated to be around 2-3 cm/s for particles of this size.
The minimum velocity required to transport particles with a diameter of 0.04 in a stream is known as the critical velocity. It can be calculated using the Shields criterion, which takes into account the particle size, density, and fluid properties. The critical velocity is the velocity needed to start moving the particle and overcoming the forces acting on it due to gravity and drag.
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The minimum stream velocity needed to keep a particle in motion can be estimated using the settling velocity equation. For a 10 cm diameter particle, the approximate minimum stream velocity would need to be around 0.03 m/s to keep it in motion. This value may vary depending on factors such as particle density and fluid properties.
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The approximate minimum stream velocity needed to move a particle with a diameter of 6.4 can be determined using the equation for the critical velocity of sediment transport. For a particle of this size, the critical velocity is typically around 0.3-0.4 m/s in most natural streams and rivers.
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The approximate minimum stream velocity needed to keep a particle in motion, such as a sphere with a diameter of 10 cm, can be estimated using Stokes' law and the concept of terminal velocity. For a particle in a fluid, the minimum velocity needed to keep it suspended typically equals the settling velocity, which depends on factors like fluid density and viscosity. In general, for a 10 cm diameter particle, the minimum velocity can range from about 0.1 to 0.5 meters per second, depending on the specific fluid properties.
The measure of the largest particles that a stream can carry is typically determined by its stream power, bed material size, and flow velocity. Streams with higher stream power and flow velocity are able to transport larger particles. The largest particles a stream can carry before they settle to the streambed are usually referred to as the stream's "bedload" particles.
As a particle size gets larger in a stream, the force needed to move the particle in the suspended water column is greater. The velocity dictates which size particles are able to be picked up from the bed and carried as stream load. Some particles, such as fine silts, require very little velocity and can be dissolved on their own without moving water. Larger, coarse rock particles may require extremely high velocities which may only be reached during storm events, depending on the stream of course.