The Gibraltar of the Confederacy.
Union General US grant ringed the city of Vicksburg with 70,000 troops. The Federals also began digging approaches. As the siege dragged on, the defending soldiers had their rations cut by 75%. Both civilians and Rebel soldiers at Vicksburg held out as long as they could.
The Union took over the Mississippi river and the city of Vicksburg
The Siege of Vicksburg (May-July 1863) split the Confederacy by giving control of the Mississippi River to the Union forces. The city and as many as 30,000 soldiers surrendered on July 4, 1863.
The Battle of Vicksburg in Mississippi split the Confederacy in two. In this conflict, Union soldiers led by Ulysses S. Grant drove the Confederates out of their stronghold in the fortress city of Vicksburg.
Vicksburg
The city of soldiers
after a lengthy siege
Vicksburg had withstood a number of Union attempts to capture this fortress city on the Mississippi River. When after a long siege, the city surrendered, it was a propaganda victory for the North. US Grant led the Union forces in a series of battles to capture Vicksburg. When it fell, the Mississippi River was in the control of the Union. The captured Rebels were paroled and some returned to fight again. One problem about Vicksburg was that now a Union garrison was required to keep it in Union hands.
The Union used multiple types of tactics against the city fortress of Vicksburg, Mississippi. The first assaults began in 1862 and Union gunboats tried to disable the city by using gunboat fire. This did not work. Another tactic was to try and divert the flow of the Mississippi River and thereby enable Union forces to place artillery in a better position to bombard Vicksburg. This proved to be to difficult to accomplish and was abandoned. Finally, the successful tactic was the siege of Vicksburg. Running low on food and hit with diseases, Vicksburg was captured by US Grant's siege of the city. Vicksburg surrendered on July 4, 1863.
Better said was the "battles to capture Vicksburg". At least three Union attempts failed to actually capture the city fortress of Vicksburg. Only via a siege was the city captured. And, yes this at last gave the Union full control of the Mississippi River. This was now the western base from which to launch assaults on either side of the river.
That general was William Tecumseh Sherman. He was one of General Grant's lieutenants at Shiloh and Vicksburg, and was the overall commander of the combined Union armies at Atlanta.
Vicksburg, Mississippi