The further away a point is from the mid-ocean ridge, the deeper the sediment layer should be. Because the ocean floor is relatively new nearer the ridge, sediments have had less time to accumulate.
Older, as it moves away from the mid-ocean ridge the sediment gets thicker and older
Sediment composition.
Near the trenches, or in the seafloor furthest away from spreading centers.
As fluids and spaces between particles are squeezed out by the weight of overlying sediments, the particles become closer to each other, thus flattening the thickness of the strata.
Age of seafloor rock and sediment increases with distance from the oceanic ridges.
Strata can differ in terms of their composition, thickness, and arrangement. Composition refers to the types of sediments or rocks found in the strata, such as sandstone or shale. Thickness relates to the depth or vertical extent of the strata, which can vary depending on the deposition environment. Arrangement refers to the way strata are stacked or layered, which can be horizontal, tilted, or folded.
The sediment layer is typically found at the bottom of water bodies or on land, where particles settle out of suspension due to gravity. It accumulates over time as a result of erosion, weathering, and other natural processes. Sediment layers can vary in thickness and composition depending on the location and the geological history of the area.
Harry Hess proposed an explanation that tied together data on the age of ocean rocks, sediment thickness, and magnetic striping.
Yes, sedimentary cover can vary greatly in thickness depending on factors such as tectonic activity, sediment supply, and erosion rates. In some regions, sedimentary cover can be very thin, while in others it can be several kilometers thick.
The thickness of clay is greatest in river deltas, where sediment accumulates over time. Planktonic microskeletons, such as those of diatoms and radiolarians, can form thick layers in deep-sea sediments called diatomaceous earth or radiolarian ooze. These microskeletons can accumulate over millions of years, creating sediment layers that are several meters thick.
Sediment size is primarily controlled by the energy of the transporting medium, such as water or wind. Higher energy environments can transport larger sediment sizes, while lower energy environments are limited to smaller sizes. Other factors, such as the type of sediment-producing rock and distance of transport, also play a role in determining sediment size.
Sediment angularity can provide information on the transport history and distance traveled. Angular sediment tends to represent shorter transport distances and more recent deposition compared to rounded sediment. Sediment angularity can also indicate the energy of the transporting medium, with higher energy environments leading to more angular particles.