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Stream flows that can transport gravel and cobbles are typically classified as high-energy flows, often found in steep, fast-moving rivers and streams. These flows have sufficient velocity to overcome the inertia of larger sediment particles, allowing them to be lifted and carried downstream. Conditions such as increased discharge during storms or snowmelt can enhance this capacity, enabling the transport of heavier materials.
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What is the minimum speed needed to transport cobbles into a stream?
The minimum speed needed to transport cobbles into a stream would depend on factors such as the size and weight of the cobbles, the flow rate of the stream, and the slope of the terrain. In general, water velocities of at least 1-2 feet per second are needed to transport cobbles in a stream.
What is bed load in geography?
Particles of sand, gravel, or soil carried by the natural flow of a stream on or immediately above its bed. Also known as bottom load.Read more: bed-load
Which groups of particles sizes can be transported by a stream that has a velocity equal to 20 cms?
A stream with a velocity of 20 cm/s can transport particles up to fine sand size (0.0625 - 2 mm). Larger particles such as gravel and boulders would require a faster flow velocity to be transported.
What transport processes would likely dominate in a muddy stream?
In a muddy stream, sediment transport processes such as erosion, sedimentation, and deposition would likely dominate. The turbulent flow in the stream can cause erosion of sediment from the streambed, leading to the suspension and transport of the sediments downstream. Sediments can also settle out and deposit in areas of slow-moving water or when the flow velocity decreases.
How does a stream sort alluvium size?
A stream sorts alluvium size through a process known as sediment sorting, which occurs as water flow varies in velocity. Larger particles, like gravel and cobbles, require more energy to be lifted and transported, so they settle quickly in areas of lower flow. Conversely, smaller particles, such as sand and silt, can be carried further downstream before settling out. This leads to a natural gradient where larger sediments accumulate in upstream areas and finer materials are deposited downstream.
What is the capacity of a stream related to?
The capacity of a stream is related to its ability to transport sediment and water, which is influenced by factors such as flow velocity, channel shape, and gradient. It refers to the maximum amount of sediment that a stream can carry without deposition. As the flow increases, the stream's capacity also rises, allowing it to transport larger and more sediment. Understanding stream capacity is crucial for managing erosion, sedimentation, and aquatic habitats.
What is the largest sediment that can transported into a stream?
The largest sediment that can be transported into a stream is typically boulders, which can be moved during high-energy events like flooding or landslides. However, normal stream flow usually transports smaller particles such as gravel, sand, and silt. The ability of a stream to transport sediment depends on factors like water velocity, sediment size, and stream gradient. While boulders can be moved, they generally require significant force to be entrained and carried downstream.
What is the largest sediment that can be transported by a stream that has a velocity of 125 cm per sec?
The largest sediment that can be transported by a stream is determined by the stream's velocity and the sediment's size and weight. Generally, a stream with a velocity of 125 cm per second can transport larger particles, such as gravel or small boulders, depending on factors like flow turbulence and sediment density. However, specific calculations using the Einstein-Brown equation or other sediment transport formulas can provide a more precise size estimate. Typically, at this velocity, the largest sediment might be around 2 to 4 millimeters in diameter.
What happens when a stream slows down?
When a stream slows down, sediment that was previously being carried by the flow may begin to settle and accumulate on the streambed. This can lead to the formation of bars and pools within the stream channel. Additionally, slower flow rates can reduce the stream's ability to transport particles and nutrients downstream, affecting the overall ecosystem of the stream.
What is the measure of th largest particles a stream can carry?
The measure of the largest particles that a stream can carry is typically determined by its stream power, bed material size, and flow velocity. Streams with higher stream power and flow velocity are able to transport larger particles. The largest particles a stream can carry before they settle to the streambed are usually referred to as the stream's "bedload" particles.
What does the fluctuation in discharge rate affect stream flow velocity?
Fluctuations in discharge rate can affect stream flow velocity by changing the amount of water in the stream channel. Higher discharge rates typically lead to higher flow velocities, while lower discharge rates result in slower flow velocities. These fluctuations impact the overall movement of water in the stream channel and can influence erosion, sediment transport, and habitat conditions for aquatic organisms.
What does the ability of a stream to erode and transport materials depend largely on?
The ability of a stream to erode and transport materials largely depends on its velocity and discharge. Higher flow velocity increases the stream's energy, allowing it to erode the riverbed and banks more effectively while transporting larger sediment particles. Additionally, the gradient of the streambed and the size, shape, and composition of the sediment also play significant roles in determining the stream's erosive and transport capacity.
