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Many castles were built by the Normans around the border and coast of Wales and it is possible that the earliest of the motte and bailey type has disappeared from history. Some of the earliest known ones are:

Chepstow castle (Cas-Gwent), originally built as a small stone castle by William fitzOsbern in 1067 to control the crossings over the river Wye. It was later extended and changed many times throughout the medieval period. The Normans called the place Striguil, from the local Welsh term ystraigl (a bend in the river).

Cardiff castle, where in 1091 the Normans used the foundations of a derelict Roman fort.

LLansteffan castle, built early in the 1100s on the site of an Iron Age hill fort, which would have already possessed earth banks and ditches.

Carmarthen castle, begun in 1094.

Aberystwyth castle was first constructed in the early 1100s as a ringwork, without a motte and tower.

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