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The deepest part of a river channel depends on several factors, primarily the speed of the water, the resistence of the bedrock and the volume of flow.

In general, rivers will be deeper upstream, when the water runs straighter and has greater erosion power. However, if the river depends on many tributaries, the lower waters have much greater volume.

The areas near the banks are usually comparatively shallow, since material keeps eroding into the river; however, where the river makes a pronounced curve, the water on the outside of the curve is likely to be deeper than on the inside. The reason again is that there the water flows faster.

A limited deep area is often found just beyond the base of a cataract or waterfall.

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