reading are more accurate than those taken by humans
500m
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Fibre optic, though Ethernet is developing 10 gigabit UTP-based speeds for short runs.
Not really. These are two different types of fiber optic cable and are used for different reasons. In other words, you can't mix SMF and MMF fiber in the same cable, but they could be used in separate cables in the same network (although it isn't likely) MMF fiber is used for short haul interconnects, and SMF fiber is typically used for longer distances,
Multi-mode fiber optic cable is the earliest commercially available fiber optic cable, due to the presence of dispersion is serious, the attenuation is large, the available bandwidth is narrow, cost issues, it have exited the optical fiber network of the main battlefield platform of telecom operators . only to to retain market share at the smartbuilding fiber optic cabling. When the multi-mode fiber optic cable for video transmission, it can only meet about the farthest 3 ~ 5km transmission distance, and have great restrictions on the bandwidth of the video multiplexer(for analog modulation) and a transfer rate (for digital), which is generally suitable for short-range, small capacity, simple application occasions. Particularly greatly limited the application of non-compressed digital Optical multiplexer in the transmission distance and capacity. Single-mode fiber optic (mainly g.652 fiber) cable has become the mainstream of current optical communication transmission due to its low prices and high performance. The endless stream of new technologies in the field of optical fiber communication, whether it is a long-range, high-capacity, or business, and both are developed for single-mode fiber. Fiber optic cable service life of 20 years or more, than the Optical actual use cycle long. This is from the point of view of the strategic resources to consider the laying of fiber optic cable, it must take into account the future expansion, updated equipment, the number of cable cores enough, can continue to carry the new business. More information, go ingellen.com
Fiber optic cables are used to send digital data using pulses of light instead of pulses of electricity. They are made of layers of glass or plastic with an external sheathing and inner core. There are single-mode fibers and multi-mode fibers.
Single mode fibers have higher bandwidth than multimode. Single mode fiber equipment is more expensive than the equipment for multimode. Single mode fiber is cheaper than multimode fiber. Multimode fibers have higher capacity and reliability over short distances than single mode. Multimode fibers support more than one propagation mode unlike single fiber Multimode fibers are limited by modal dispersion whereas single mode is not. Multi-mode fiber optic cable is the earliest commercially available fiber optic cable, due to the presence of dispersion is serious, the attenuation is large, the available bandwidth is narrow, cost issues, it have exited the optical fiber network of the main battlefield platform of telecom operators . only to to retain market share at the smartbuilding fiber optic cabling. When the multi-mode fiber optic cable for video transmission, it can only meet about the farthest 3 ~ 5km transmission distance, and have great restrictions on the bandwidth of the video multiplexer(for analog modulation) and a transfer rate (for digital), which is generally suitable for short-range, small capacity, simple application occasions. Particularly greatly limited the application of non-compressed digital Optical multiplexer in the transmission distance and capacity. Single-mode fiber optic (mainly g.652 fiber) cable has become the mainstream of current optical communication transmission due to its low prices and high performance. The endless stream of new technologies in the field of optical fiber communication, whether it is a long-range, high-capacity, or business, and both are developed for single-mode fiber. Fiber optic cable service life of 20 years or more, than the Optical actual use cycle long. This is from the point of view of the strategic resources to consider the laying of fiber optic cable, it must take into account the future expansion, updated equipment, the number of cable cores enough, can continue to carry the new business. Source from http://www.ingellen.com
Infrared is used for wireless user input devices like mice and keyboards. It may also be used for fiber optic audio and even Internet technology. The biggest thing now with DSL is fiber optic to premises technology. That supposedly cuts a major bottleneck since the copper wire portion is very short. So more than likely, infrared light is used for that.
shielded pair is common used in dat networks for short length connection because of its relatively lower costcompare with fiber optic and coax cable. by elineema j kyungai
10GBase-SR or 10GBase-SW S stand for short reach R + W reflect type of Physical layer encoding each uses.
Satellite versus Fiber Optics communication1- Fiber optics communication is quicker but satellite is slow in communication.2- Fiber Optics communication higher bandwidth but Satellite Lower Bandwidth.3- In case of any fault we can easily repair Fiber Optics but Satellite can not be repair.4- Fiber Optics initial Cast is low but Satellite is very High.5- Many People want to communication during jogging, driving, sailing and flying these all possible in Satellite Communication But Fiber Optics not use for them.6- Fiber Optics is Very costly for long range communication but Satellite is low for long range communication.ByMuhammad ShaoibUniversity of Management and Technology ,Lahore, Pakistan
The pulses of light used in optical fiber are in the infrared or visible spectrum, which is shorter wavelength than the microwave radio spectrum. Neither microwave radio wavelengths nor ultraviolet spectrum wavelengths can pass through the materials used for fiber optic cables.In the early 1950s A. T. & T. had begun laying a system of a few thousand miles of underground microwave waveguides (similar in purpose to modern underground fiber optics systems) but the system was never finished and ultimately proved to be not cost effective. But the cost per foot of fiber optic cables is nearly negligible compared to the cost of metallic waveguides, the diameter of fiber optic cables is much smaller compared to the diameter of waveguides allowing many more cables in the same space as one waveguide, and the shorter wavelength allows wider bandwidth signals on each of these fibers than the waveguide could carry.Perhaps someday fibers might be able to be made of material that can allow ultraviolet spectrum wavelengths to pass and even wider bandwidth signals could be sent, but not now.