You can't kill phantoms until you get the phantom sword. But when you get the phantom swords you just hit them in the back with the sword.
In the deepest part of the ocean temple
If you already have the Phantom Sword, then just strike them in the back to kill them. In the Temple of the Ocean King, after you defeat all of the Phantoms at one floor, you get a treasure chest with a ship part or treasure. However, if you don't have the Phantom Sword. there is no way to kill them. You can, however, shoot them in the back with an arrow an stun them for a few seconds, to run past. Also when you hit them they drop an item, if they were carrying one. Finally, you can shoot them in the back multiple times, to freeze them for longer. Example: if you shoot once; the freeze for 5 seconds. 5 times; 25 seconds. 50 times; 4 minutes, or so.
You have to go to the ocean temple and get the next sea chart.
even if you are doing it badly, you wont get it no matter what unless you have completed the Courage temple. the courage temple is located on Molida island.
Yes. If the brain damage didn't kill you or it didn't sever an important part of the brain, you'd still bleed to death. The brain has a lot of blood going through it.
you need to be more spacific what do you mean the first part the end sub mit your answer when your more spacific.
temple
the main boss it a three part battle, one at the end of the temple of the ocean kin, the next at sea, and the last in the wreckage of the ghost ship.
there will be a chest only if you opened the wisdom door and made through all the floors. Inside, will be a southeastern sea chart(i think) and you will be able to go to the last spirit's temple which is goron.
on the surface or the deapest part of the ocean
A gulf can be part of an ocean or a sea.
To the southwest is the Bering Sea which is part of the Pacific Ocean. To the north is the Churchill Sea which is part of the Arctic Ocean.