phylloxera
Phylloxera is typically pronounced as "fuh-LOX-er-uh".
Grafting is the only known effective way thus far of treating phylloxera. The aphid-like insects in question must be treated preventively in the sense of grafting phylloxera-tolerant rootstock (such as Vitis berlandieri, V. riparia, V. rupestris) onto phylloxera-susceptible Vitis vinifera's above-ground parts.
Phylloxera.
Australia
R. L. Nougaret has written: 'A study of phylloxera infestation in California as related to types of soils' -- subject(s): Phylloxera, Viticulture, Grapes, Diseases and pests
Phylloxera is a root disease caused by small insects. It nearly destroyed the European wine industry until someone realize that North American native grape vines are relatively immune to it. Therefore, virtually all wines produced in Europe come from grapes produced on American rootstock. I am unaware of any positive aspects of phylloxera.
The scientific or taxonomic name would be Daktulosphaira vitifoliae.
One of the most dreaded grape enemies is phylloxera, an aphid-like insect that attacks susceptible grape rootstock.
Phylloxera. A nasty little bug that destroyed a lot of French vines. Fortunately, American root-stock was resistant.
They are two different species. The European species is Vitis vinifera while the American is Vitis Lambrusca. Today, most grape vines are planted grafted on to Vitis Lambrusca root stocks as it is immune to the parasite phylloxera.
There is an evil bug called phylloxera. It likes to eat roots of grape vines and wiped out many vines earlier this century and late last century. However, viticulturalists realised that some vines are resistant to this bug. They planted these resistant vines in the regions that had been wiped out by phylloxera and started again. However, these vines were only of a couple of types of grapes, whereas the producers wanted to grow cabernet, shiraz and chardonnay (and all the rest) again to keep making the styles of wine that the world knows and loves. So they planted the boring vines that the bug doesn't like to eat, cut the tops (or the fruit bearing part) of the vines off the top and grafted (or spliced) the vines that they wanted on top. So now they had vines that were resistant to the plague, but producing the grapes they wanted. Grafting is the process of taking a root stock that works and placing a new type of vine on the top of it to produce whatever you want to produce without being wiped out by phylloxera.