I think you mean obsolete, which means not used anymore. For example, in Shakespeare's day, people might say "methinks." Today we would say "I think."
compound words
"apples, bananas, oranges, grapes" is an example of a list of words.
clippings words
Smaller words are words in words. For example, in "low" when you mix it around, there's owl.
emphasis.
Finally
robbery
A palindrome (: example: detartrated
Yes. Tariff is one example.
Transition words
The first words of my letter are for you.
What is an example for a nonegon?