Particles in a substance are able to flow over each other when the substance is in a liquid or gas state. In these states, the particles have enough energy to move around and slide past each other, allowing the substance to take the shape of its container.
Particles in liquids are able to move past each other and change their shape because the particles in liquids have more freedom of movement compared to particles in solids. This is because the intermolecular forces between liquid particles are weaker, allowing them to slide past each other easily.
Gases and fluids are all considered fluids which mean they are able to flow. This is because their particles are able to slide into each other. Solids, though some may seem to flow ( salt, sand ) are not able to because their particles are extreamly close together there for they are not able to slide into each other.
They can seperate and they can also "flow"
Yes they can. In fact, the particle theory claims that all particles move and have space between themselves. For example, take gas. Gas has moving particles that have A LOT of space between them. They can easily flow over one another particle.
When photons collide with each other or with other particles, they can either scatter off each other, be absorbed by the particles, or create new particles through processes like pair production.
evidence that particles have spaces between each other
Gas particles do not touch each other in the way that solid particles do. The particles in a gas are in constant motion and are separated by large distances relative to their size. However, they can collide with each other and with the walls of their container.
When two particles with the same charge are near each other, they will repel each other due to the like charges. The repulsion force is stronger the closer the particles are to each other. This repulsive force causes the particles to move away from each other.
In a liquid, particles are more loosely packed and able to move past each other, whereas in a solid, particles are tightly packed and vibrate in fixed positions. The intermolecular forces in a liquid are weaker than in a solid, allowing the particles to flow and take the shape of their container.
The particles in a fluid must be able to move past each other easily, eg: Most gases and liquids
The two negatively charged particles will repel each other due to their like charges. This repulsion will cause the particles to move away from each other in an attempt to minimize the potential energy of the system.