It is most commonly believed that the vikings led by Leif Erickson's father were the first to establish a settlement there but, history also tells us that the Vikings failed to maintain the community during the little ice age because they didn't learn to adapt the way the Inuits did. Kind of leads me to believe that the Inuits were there first.
The name of the first European settlement in North America was the Vikings. They lived in Scandinavia, the north part of Europe that is Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, Denmark, and Denmark's territory Greenland!!!
By airplane.
arctic ocean is near Norway and Greenland
Svalbard is non of the above. Its an island chain North of Norway, East of Greenland. Its largest settlement is Longyearbyen with a population of about 2500 inhabitants. Svalbard is part of Norway.
Norway is nearer to Greenland than Sweden is.
Greenland
Denmark (because of its control of Greenland).
Greenland (grønnland) in Oslo
Norway, then Greenland
Jan Mayen is an island in the Arctic Ocean and is part of Norway. It is not part of any continent but is geographically situated between Greenland and Norway. While it is administratively associated with Europe through its affiliation with Norway, it is not located on the European continental shelf.
Greenland is not a country but an autonomous district of Denmark. Greenland stretches further north than Norway but I have heard Finland call itself "Land of the midnight sun" even though it too is further south than some of Norway.
Norway was founded in 872 after the battle of Hafrsfjord.