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Britain gained control in China primarily through military force and trade imbalances during the 19th century. The Opium Wars (1839-1842 and 1856-1860) were pivotal, as Britain sought to expand its opium trade, leading to military confrontations that resulted in the Treaty of Nanking and other unequal treaties. These agreements ceded Hong Kong to Britain and opened several ports to British trade, effectively establishing foreign control over Chinese commerce and undermining China's sovereignty. This period marked the beginning of significant foreign influence and exploitation in China.

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3w ago

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