How did Spain begin to settle in Alta California?

Answer 1

Spain began to settle in Alta California in the late 18th century as part of its broader strategy to expand its territorial claims and counter Russian and British interests on the Pacific Coast. The Spanish established a series of missions, presidios, and pueblos, starting with the founding of Mission San Diego de Alcalá in 1769. This was followed by the establishment of other missions along the California coast, aimed at converting Indigenous populations to Christianity and solidifying Spanish presence in the region. The settlement efforts were supported by both military and civilian settlers, which laid the groundwork for future developments in California.