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The United States established diplomatic relations with the Dominican Republic in 1884 following its independence from Spain. Post-independence, the country saw a mix of coups, U.S. military intervention and occupations, military government, and democratic government. The Dominican Republic's first peaceful transfer of power from one freely elected president to another was in 1978.

U.S. relations with the Dominican Republic are excellent. The country is an important partner in hemispheric affairs due to its standing in the Caribbean as the largest economy and second-largest country in terms of population and land mass, its large bilateral trade with the United States, and its proximity to the United States and other smaller Caribbean nations. The Dominican Government has been supportive of many U.S. initiatives in the United Nations and related agencies. The two governments cooperate in the fight against trafficking in illegal substances. The Dominican Republic has worked closely with U.S. law enforcement officials on issues such as the extradition of fugitives and measures to hinder illegal migration.

The United States has a strong interest in a democratic, stable, and economically healthy Dominican Republic and supports its democratic and economic development. Obstacles to sustainable development include the poor quality of the country's education system, the inability of the health system to adequately respond to the population's needs, weak economic competitiveness, and severe inefficiencies in the energy sector. Violence has increased in the Dominican Republic in recent years. While there have been coordinated efforts to address corruption, improving transparency is a priority in order to consolidate the country's democratic gains. The U.S. Government collaborates with Dominican authorities to address these issues while working with local and international partners to strengthen institutional and technical capacity.

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