How long has theocracy existed in Israel?

Answer 1

Israel was a theocracy from its founding until around 70 CE. After that time,

the country ceased to exist as a Jewish populated and governed entity, until

1948. The modern government is a representative democracy, not a theocracy,

and the country has no official state religion.

Answer 2

Although the Biblical patriarchs ... Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and his family ... lived

in that region, it was not their land, and they were considered foreigners among

the majority local cultures.

Jacob's family emigrated to Egypt during a local famine, flourished and multiplied there,

became enslaved there for hundreds of years, and were eventually redeemed, in the

event referred to as the "Exodus". There is active debate among Biblical historians and

archaeologists regarding the date of the Exodus. All estimates place it before 1200 BCE.

After about 40 years spent surviving in the Sinai Peninsula and the deserts east

of the Jordan River, the people of Israel crossed the Jordan, took control of the

land, and became an independent, self-sustaining nation.

Notwithstanding subsequent conquests, expulsions, and forced exiles imposed

by the Assyrians, Babylonians, Greeks, Romans, and Ottoman Turks, there has

been a continuous Jewish presence in Israel since they originally settled there

following the Exodus. Israel was re-established as an independent modern Jewish

nation in May 1948.