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The modern Greek alphabet has 24 letters.

  1. Α α alpha, άλφα [a] [aː] [a]
  2. Β β beta, βήτα [b] [v]
  3. Γ γ gamma, γάμμα [ɡ], [ŋ][ex 1] [ɣ] ~ [ʝ],[ŋ] ~ [ɲ]
  4. Δ δ delta, δέλτα [d] [ð]
  5. Ε ε epsilon, έψιλον [e]
  6. Ζ ζ zeta, ζήτα [zd]A [z]
  7. Η η eta, ήτα [ɛː] [i]
  8. Θ θ theta, θήτα [tʰ] [θ]
  9. Ι ι iota, ιώτα [i] [iː] [i], [ʝ],[ex 4] [ɲ]
  10. Κ κ kappa, κάππα [k] [k] ~ [c]
  11. Λ λ lambda, λάμδα [l]
  12. Μ μ mu, μυ [m]
  13. Ν ν nu, νυ [n]
  14. Ξ ξ xi, ξι [ks]
  15. Ο ο omicron, όμικρον [o]
  16. Π π pi, πι [p]
  17. Ρ ρ rho, ρώ [r]
  18. Σ σ/ς[note 1] sigma, σίγμα [s] [s] ~ [z]
  19. Τ τ tau, ταυ [t]
  20. Υ υ upsilon, ύψιλον [y] [yː] [i]
  21. Φ φ phi, φι [pʰ] [f]
  22. Χ χ chi, χι [kʰ] [x] ~ [ç]
  23. Ψ ψ psi, ψι [ps]
  24. Ω ω omega, ωμέγα [ɔː] [o]

Including obsolete letters, there are 32 letters in the full set of symbols in the Greek Alphabet. They have been used since in the 8th to 9th century BCE:

  1. alpha
  2. beta
  3. gamma
  4. delta
  5. epsilon
  6. digamma Ϝ, ϝ
  7. stigma ϛ is a ligature of the Greek letters sigma (Σ) and tau (Τ),
  8. zeta
  9. heta Ͱ, ͱ
  10. eta
  11. theta
  12. iota
  13. yot J, j
  14. kappa
  15. lamda
  16. mu
  17. nu
  18. xi
  19. omicron
  20. pi
  21. san Ϻ, ϻ or Ͷ, ͷ
  22. koppa Ϙ, ϙ
  23. rho
  24. sigma
  25. tau
  26. upsilon
  27. phi
  28. chi
  29. psi
  30. omega
  31. sampi Ϡ,ϡ or Ͳ,ͳ
  32. sho Ϸ, ϸ
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