How was the treatment of Europeans different in Japan and China how was it similar?

Answer 1

In Japan, Europeans were initially welcomed for trade and knowledge exchange, but following the Sakoku period, they faced strict isolation and limited access, with the exception of the Dutch at Nagasaki. In contrast, China engaged in limited trade with Europeans but maintained a strong sense of superiority and control, with the Qing dynasty enforcing strict regulations on foreign interactions. Both countries exhibited a blend of cautious engagement and eventual resistance to European influence, reflecting their desire to preserve cultural integrity and sovereignty. However, while Japan ultimately closed its doors, China continued to engage in trade but faced increasing pressures and humiliation from European powers.