Not all Jews are Israeli citizens and not all Israeli citizens are Jews.
Around 45% of Jews are Israeli citizens and 75% of Israeli citizens are Jews.
That's close but not entirely true. The Law of Return in Israel states that all people of Jewish descent are welcome to come and live in Israel for safety anytime. However, Jews who never lived in Israel and never sought that citizenship are not citizens.
There is the current country of Israel where any Jew from around the word can naturalize as a citizen.
Yes. However, getting citizenship will be rather difficult if that person is not a Jew.
Yes. Israel has an extradition treaty with the US and has had it since 1963. As for whether Israel will extradite any particular Israeli citizen depends on the arguments made by the US government (as is typical of other extradition treaties).
Israel.
Yes.
A Jew from Cyprus. Cyprus is an eastern Mediterranean island not far from Israel.
Sabra
It wasn't their idea.
If you're asking how to say this in Hebrew, it's: a male Jew from Israel = yehudi miyisra'el (יהודי מישראל) a female Jew from Israel = yehudiyah miyisra'el (יהודיה מישראל)
a Russian Citizen
Israel and Russia
No, Jesus was a Jew who lived in Israel.