Is the EU Federal or Confederate or unitary?

Answer 1

The European Union (EU) is often described as a unique political entity that incorporates elements of both a confederation and a federation, but it is not fully any of these. It operates primarily as a supranational organization where member states retain significant sovereignty while also delegating certain powers to EU institutions. This structure allows for cooperation on various issues, but decisions often require consensus among member states, reflecting its confederal aspects. Overall, the EU's complex governance makes it distinct from traditional federal or unitary states.